2022年10月29日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：“中國(guó)香腸”表彰亞利桑那州兩種文化的融合

 

If the coronavirus pandemic had never happened, Feng-Feng Yeh might not have learned the full history of Chinese Americans in her hometown of Tucson, Arizona.
如果沒有發(fā)生冠狀病毒大流行，葉鳳鳳可能不會(huì)在她的家鄉(xiāng)亞利桑那州圖森了解華裔美國(guó)人的全部歷史。
 
Yeh was a top chef, or cook, in New York City when pandemic-linked business closings ended her job and career plans. She decided to move back to her hometown. She also decided to revisit her passion for public art.
當(dāng)與大流行相關(guān)的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)閉結(jié)束了她的工作和職業(yè)計(jì)劃時(shí)，葉是紐約市的頂級(jí)廚師或廚師。她決定搬回家鄉(xiāng)。她還決定重新審視她對(duì)公共藝術(shù)的熱情。
 
Looking for ideas, Yeh researched the history of Chinese immigrants in the Tucson area. On the Tucson Chinese Cultural Center website, she learned that Chinese family-owned food stores were a successful industry in the city beginning in the 1900s.
尋找想法，葉研究了圖森地區(qū)的中國(guó)移民歷史。在圖森中國(guó)文化中心網(wǎng)站上，她了解到中國(guó)家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)的食品店從 1900 年代開始在該市是一個(gè)成功的行業(yè)。
 
These food or grocery stores were more than just businesses. They were also lifelines for the area's Mexican American communities. The food stores - also called grocery stores- even started preparing Mexican chorizo. Chorizo is a ground and spiced sausage, or meat from a pig. It earned the nickname "Chinese chorizo."
這些食品或雜貨店不僅僅是企業(yè)。它們也是該地區(qū)墨西哥裔美國(guó)人社區(qū)的生命線。食品店——也稱為雜貨店——甚至開始準(zhǔn)備墨西哥香腸。香腸是一種磨碎的加香料的香腸，或豬的肉。它贏得了“中國(guó)香腸”的綽號(hào)。
 
Yeh said she was "very moved" by the alliance formed between Mexican and Chinese Americans. She described immigration policies set during the same period as "quite racist."
葉說(shuō)她對(duì)墨西哥和華裔美國(guó)人之間的聯(lián)盟感到“非常感動(dòng)”。她將同一時(shí)期制定的移民政策描述為“相當(dāng)種族主義”。
 
"I thought that was something that you don't learn in school, especially in Arizona. I thought it was something that should be recognized and shared," Yeh said.
“我認(rèn)為這是你在學(xué)校學(xué)不到的東西，尤其是在亞利桑那州。我認(rèn)為這是應(yīng)該被認(rèn)可和分享的東西，”葉說(shuō)。
 
Chinese immigrants settling in Arizona were doing so under the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act, the U.S. government's first race-based immigration policy. Both Chinese and Mexican immigrants faced racism even though they were critical members of the workforce.
定居在亞利桑那州的中國(guó)移民是根據(jù) 1882 年的《排華法案》這樣做的，這是美國(guó)政府第一個(gè)基于種族的移民政策。中國(guó)和墨西哥移民都面臨種族主義，盡管他們是勞動(dòng)力的重要成員。
 
Older Chinese Americans in Tucson say they have spent years trying to spread knowledge about this history.
圖森的年長(zhǎng)華裔美國(guó)人說(shuō)，他們多年來(lái)一直在努力傳播有關(guān)這段歷史的知識(shí)。
 
Yeh proposed building a 3.4-meter-tall statue of two chorizo sausage links. She recently won financial support through the Tucson Museum of Contemporary Art and the Andy Warhol Foundation. In support for the project, she organized a celebration called Tucson Chinese Chorizo Festival. For the month of October, several local restaurants and food trucks have been serving specials with meat and vegan chorizo.
Yeh 提議建造一座 3.4 米高的兩根香腸串雕像。她最近通過(guò)圖森當(dāng)代藝術(shù)博物館和安迪沃霍爾基金會(huì)獲得了財(cái)政支持。為了支持這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，她組織了一個(gè)名為圖森中國(guó)香腸節(jié)的慶祝活動(dòng)。十月份，幾家當(dāng)?shù)氐牟宛^和食品卡車一直在提供肉類和素食香腸的特色菜。
 
Even many locals do not know about Tucson's major Chinese presence.
甚至許多當(dāng)?shù)厝硕疾恢缊D森主要的華人存在。
 
The Tucson Chinese Cultural Center is a large space, at almost 1,400 square meters. It serves as a community center and museum. Established in 2005, it has a multipurpose room, large kitchen, classrooms, and a room with tables for playing the Chinese game called mahjong. The walls are covered with pictures and histories of long-gone Chinese grocery stores. The center also has a YouTube channel that includes a video on Chinese chorizo.
圖森中國(guó)文化中心是一個(gè)很大的空間，近 1,400 平方米。它作為一個(gè)社區(qū)中心和博物館。它成立于 2005 年，設(shè)有多功能室、大廚房、教室和一間帶桌子的房間，用于玩中國(guó)游戲麻將。墻上掛滿了中國(guó)雜貨店的照片和歷史。該中心還有一個(gè) YouTube 頻道，其中包含有關(guān)中國(guó)香腸的視頻。
 
"A lot of people don't know we exist after 17 years. So, we've been trying to get the word out," said Susan Chan, the center's chief leader.
“很多人不知道我們?cè)?17 年后仍然存在。所以，我們一直在努力宣傳，”該中心的首席負(fù)責(zé)人 Susan Chan 說(shuō)。
 
Starting in 1900, Chinese-owned grocery stores succeeded and became an economic force in Tucson. By the 1940s, there were 130 families running more than 100 grocery stores in the city. The number of stores dropped in the 1970s and 1980s as larger food stores moved in and young Chinese Americans sought other careers.
從 1900 年開始，中國(guó)人擁有的雜貨店取得了成功，并成為圖森的一股經(jīng)濟(jì)力量。到 1940 年代，該市有 130 個(gè)家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)著 100 多家雜貨店。1970 年代和 1980 年代，隨著大型食品店的遷入和年輕的華裔美國(guó)人尋求其他職業(yè)，商店的數(shù)量有所下降。
 
Allen Lew's father, Joe Wee Lew, opened his first of three stores in 1955. The stores were called Joe's Super Market. Allan Lew began working at the market around the age of 10. He remained in the business until the last store closed after 30 years in operation. He is now 74 years old and a longtime member of the center's board.
Allen Lew 的父親 Joe Wee Lew 于 1955 年開設(shè)了他的三家商店中的第一家。這些商店被稱為 Joe's Super Market。Allan Lew 大約在 10 歲左右開始在市場(chǎng)工作。他一直從事這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)，直到最后一家商店在經(jīng)營(yíng) 30 年后關(guān)閉。他現(xiàn)年 74 歲，是該中心董事會(huì)的長(zhǎng)期成員。
 
Lew and his four siblings grew up serving Mexican and Native American customers. Everyone felt like they "were all a big neighborhood family."
盧和他的四個(gè)兄弟姐妹從小為墨西哥和美洲原住民顧客服務(wù)。每個(gè)人都覺得他們“都是鄰居的大家庭”。
 
In fact, many Chinese grocers would let poor customers pay when they could. "A lot of them get paid like once a month, every two weeks, and they ran out of money," Lew said.
事實(shí)上，許多中國(guó)雜貨店會(huì)在可能的情況下讓貧困顧客付款。“他們中的很多人每月一次，每?jī)芍塬@得一次報(bào)酬，但他們的錢用完了，”盧說(shuō)。
 
For the festival, Chinese-made chorizo is being celebrated with inventive dishes that combine Chinese and Mexican cultures.
在這個(gè)節(jié)日里，中國(guó)制造的香腸以結(jié)合了中國(guó)和墨西哥文化的創(chuàng)意菜肴來(lái)慶祝。
 
A local meat store provided the more than 225 kilograms of meat and plant-based chorizo to restaurants for the festival. Yeh created the vegan recipe. She invited Jackie Tran, a Tucson food writer and owner of Tran's Fats food truck, to work on the real meat recipe.
當(dāng)?shù)匾患胰忸惿痰隇楣?jié)日提供了超過(guò) 225 公斤的肉類和植物性香腸給餐廳。葉創(chuàng)造了素食食譜。她邀請(qǐng)了圖森美食作家兼 Tran's Fats 食品卡車的老板 Jackie Tran 來(lái)研究真正的肉類食譜。
 
Tran's family is Chinese and Vietnamese. He added spices to the meat including Sichuan pepper, coriander seed and Chinese five-spice powder.
Tran的家人是中國(guó)人和越南人。他在肉中添加了香料，包括花椒、芫荽籽和中國(guó)五香粉。
 
For the statue, Yeh is partnering with Carlos Valenzuela, a Tucson-born artist of Mexican and Native American ancestry. Valenzuela's grandfather had had a credit account with a local Chinese grocery store.
對(duì)于雕像，Yeh 與出生于圖森的墨西哥和美洲原住民血統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)家 Carlos Valenzuela 合作。Valenzuela 的祖父在當(dāng)?shù)匾患抑袊?guó)雜貨店有一個(gè)信用賬戶。
 
If the idea of a chorizo statue brings a laugh, that is the way Yeh wants it.
如果一個(gè)香腸雕像的想法帶來(lái)了笑聲，那就是 Yeh 想要的方式。
 
"I think it's eye-catching for tourists to come and recognize that this town is a town that was heavily influenced by Chinese culture, which I don't think a lot of people know," said Yeh, who still needs more money to pay for the project.
“我覺得游客來(lái)這里很吸引人，他們認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)是一個(gè)深受中國(guó)文化影響的小鎮(zhèn)，我想很多人都不知道，”葉說(shuō)，他仍然需要更多的錢來(lái)支付為項(xiàng)目。
 
What does Lew, the son of a Chinese grocer, think about the chorizo statue?
中國(guó)雜貨商的兒子盧對(duì)香腸雕像有何看法？
 
"That's great," Lew said. "I was surprised because I think when you grow up and you've done something all your life here, you don't think it's a big thing."
“那太好了，”盧說(shuō)。“我很驚訝，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為當(dāng)你長(zhǎng)大并在這里做了一輩子的事情時(shí)，你不會(huì)認(rèn)為這是一件大事。”
 
"But someone outside thinks, ‘This is different. This is neat.'"
“但外面的人認(rèn)為，'這是不同的。這很整潔。'”