2022年11月12日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：避風(fēng)港訴保護(hù)區(qū)

 
Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between "haven" and "sanctuary."
您好！本周問(wèn)老師，我們將回答一個(gè)關(guān)于“haven”和“sanctuary”的區(qū)別的問(wèn)題。
 
Question:
問(wèn)題：
 
Hello teacher,
老師您好，
 
I am Ghulammohammad from Afghanistan. I am confused by the words "haven" and "sanctuary."
< br/>我是來(lái)自阿富汗的 Ghulammohammad。我對(duì)“避風(fēng)港”和“避難所”這兩個(gè)詞感到困惑。
 
Thanks,
謝謝，
 
Ghulammohammad
 
Answer
問(wèn)題：
 
Dear Ghulammohammad,
親愛(ài)的古拉姆穆罕默德，
 
Thanks for writing to us. These words can mean the same thing, but they also have their own meanings and uses.
感謝您給我們寫(xiě)信。這些詞可以表示相同的意思，但它們也有自己的含義和用途。
 
Let's explore each of them with some examples.
讓我們用一些例子來(lái)探索它們中的每一個(gè)。
 
Haven
避風(fēng)港
 
"Haven" is a noun and it has several different meanings.
“避風(fēng)港”是一個(gè)名詞，它有幾種不同的含義。
 
In the past, a "haven" was a harbor for ships that was protected from the sea.
過(guò)去，“避風(fēng)港”是船舶避難的港灣。
 
Over the centuries, this meaning has fallen out of use. But you might see it used as a part of a name of a place near a harbor.
幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，這個(gè)含義已經(jīng)不再使用。但是您可能會(huì)看到它被用作港口附近地方名稱(chēng)的一部分。
 
It is helpful to know the past meaning of haven to understand the current usage of the word. The modern meaning of "haven" is a place that provides safety or refuge.
了解haven的過(guò)去含義有助于理解該詞的當(dāng)前用法。“避風(fēng)港”的現(xiàn)代含義是提供安全或避難所的地方。
 
For example,
例如，
 
Mother birds use a nest as a haven for their baby birds.
母鳥(niǎo)使用巢作為幼鳥(niǎo)的避風(fēng)港。
 
We often use "haven" with the adjective "safe," as in "safe haven."
我們經(jīng)常將“避風(fēng)港”與形容詞“安全”一起使用，例如“避風(fēng)港”。

The local youth center provides a safe haven for children after school.
當(dāng)?shù)氐那嗄曛行臑榉艑W(xué)后的孩子提供了避風(fēng)港。

It can also be used to describe a place that offers a lot of opportunities for certain kinds of people. For example:
它也可以用來(lái)描述為某些類(lèi)型的人提供很多機(jī)會(huì)的地方。例如：

The restaurant is a haven for local artists to share their work.
餐廳是當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家分享作品的天堂。

Now, let's turn to "sanctuary."
現(xiàn)在，讓我們轉(zhuǎn)向“避難所”。

Sanctuary
避難所

"Sanctuary" is a noun with several different meanings.
“圣所”是一個(gè)名詞，有多種不同的含義。

In religion, a "sanctuary" is a holy place or room for religious services. For example,
在宗教中，“圣所”是一個(gè)圣地或宗教服務(wù)的場(chǎng)所。例如，

The leader of the church addresses the attendees from the sanctuary.
教會(huì)領(lǐng)袖向圣所的來(lái)賓致辭。

Members of the choir sit near the church sanctuary.
唱詩(shī)班的成員坐在教堂圣所附近。
 
Over time, the meaning and use has changed. Churches have at times permitted people to seek shelter and refuge inside the building. This created the idea of the sanctuaries as being safe places. So now, "sanctuary" means a place where someone or something is protected or given shelter.
隨著時(shí)間的推移，含義和用途發(fā)生了變化。教堂有時(shí)允許人們?cè)诮ㄖ飪?nèi)尋求庇護(hù)和避難。這創(chuàng)造了避難所作為安全場(chǎng)所的想法。所以現(xiàn)在，“避難所”是指某人或某物受到保護(hù)或庇護(hù)的地方。
 
It can also mean a place where one can find peace.
它也可以表示一個(gè)可以找到和平的地方。

The garden was her sanctuary after work, a place where she was able to relax.
花園是她下班后的避難所，一個(gè)她可以放松的地方。

A "sanctuary" is also a protected space for animals to live freely and away from danger. There are many wildlife sanctuaries around the world.
“避難所”是也是動(dòng)物自由生活和遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)的受保護(hù)空間。世界各地有許多野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。

Lions and tigers have been placed in big cat sanctuaries where they are free and are not hunted.
獅子和老虎被安置在大型貓科動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)，在那里它們可以自由自在，不會(huì)被獵殺。

Lastly, as an adjective, "sanctuary" is used to describe areas in the United States where local law enforcement has a limited ability to oversee federal laws related to immigration.
最后，作為形容詞， “避難所”用于描述美國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貓?zhí)法部門(mén)對(duì)移民相關(guān)聯(lián)邦法律的監(jiān)督能力有限的地區(qū)。

States like California, New Mexico, New York, and Vermont are all sanctuary states.
加州、新墨西哥州、紐約州和佛蒙特州等州都是避難所。
 
This means that undocumented people will not be asked about their immigration status.
這意味著無(wú)證人員將不會(huì)被詢(xún)問(wèn)他們的移民身份。
Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you!
如果這些解釋和示例對(duì)您有所幫助，請(qǐng)告訴我們！