元旦的由來(lái)與風(fēng)俗

四招輕松度元旦

 

 

 

Yuandan is the first day of the lunar calendar. It is the day when the earth has circled the sun for one round and is beginning another circling. It represents a new beginning when people send off the old days and welcome the new ones. As the first day of the year, Yuandan has been considered to be the most important festival since the ancient times.

元旦，是農(nóng)歷的第一天。這一天，地球上空盤(pán)旋了一個(gè)圍繞著太陽(yáng)，并開(kāi)始另一個(gè)上空盤(pán)旋。它代表了一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始，當(dāng)人們送走舊時(shí)代和新的歡迎。作為新年第一天，元旦已被認(rèn)為是自古以來(lái)最重要的節(jié)日。

Customs

習(xí)俗

Kaisui(beginning of the year): According to the Chinese traditional custom, starting from haishi(9p.m. to 11p.m.)of the last evening of the twelfth lunar month, each family must prepare offering s to deities at the altar. At the same time, they too prepare food for the New Year day: The whole family will then stay awake together to attend to the year(called shou sui). After haishi, zishi(11p.m. to 1a.m.)will come, and this is the arrival of New Year(Yuandan).

Kaisui（從年初）：根據(jù)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，從海獅（9p.m.到11p.m.對(duì)臘月昨天晚上）起，每個(gè)家庭必須準(zhǔn)備提供在祭壇s到神。同時(shí)，他們也準(zhǔn)備在新年當(dāng)天的食物：整個(gè)家庭都保持清醒，然后一起出席的一年（稱(chēng)為壽穗）。之后，海獅，紫石（11p.m.到1a.m.）會(huì)來(lái)，而且這是新年（元旦）的到來(lái)。

At this moment, people begin the celebration with fireworks. Vegetarian and sweet foods will then be placed are the altar for offerings, and incense be burned to welcome the deities. In the ancient times, it was believed that haishi connected the two years and thus was called kaisui.

此時(shí)，人們開(kāi)始用煙花慶祝。素食和甜食，然后放在是為祭壇，和香被燒毀歡迎神。在古代，人們相信海獅連接兩年，因此被稱(chēng)為kaisui。

At the same night, some families will follow the instruction in Tongshu and place preparing altar in the direction of the "fortune deity" during the "fortune time" to receive the deity. If the direction of the "fortune deity" is at the "ill position", people will choose to receive "happy deity" or "noble deity" instead. 　

在同一天晚上，一些家庭將按照指令，在統(tǒng)書(shū)和地點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備在“財(cái)富方向壇神”在“財(cái)富時(shí)間”得到神。如果“幸運(yùn)神方向”的“病”的立場(chǎng)是，人會(huì)選擇接受“快樂(lè)神”或“noble神”代替。

There is an apparent difference in the custom of food taking on Yuandan between the Chinese in the northern and southern regions. The northern Chinese has the habit of taking jiao zi(dumpling made of flour with vegetable and meat wrapped inside). Some people may put a sweet or a coin inside jiao zi, hoping to have a sweet year after tasting the sweet and a wealthy year after tasting the coin. on the other hand, the southern Chinese have the taboo for killing on Yuandan. Therefore, they do not take meat in tee morning of Yuandan, so as to avoid bloodshed or mutual slaughter. In order to evade misfortune, they have the first meal of this day without meat. Instead, they take vegetarian food for the sake of virtue.

 有一個(gè)在糧食明顯的不同習(xí)俗之間正在進(jìn)行中的元旦，在北部和南部地區(qū)。北部中國(guó)有責(zé)任采取餃子（餃子與蔬菜和肉類(lèi)面粉制成包裹內(nèi)的習(xí)慣）。有些人可能會(huì)提出一個(gè)甜或內(nèi)部餃子硬幣，希望有一個(gè)甜蜜的一年后，品嘗品嘗甜美的硬幣后，一個(gè)富有的一年。另一方面，中國(guó)南方有就元旦殺害禁忌。因此，他們不參加的元旦早上發(fā)球肉類(lèi)，以避免流血或互相殘殺。為了逃避不幸，他們沒(méi)有鮮肉的這一天的第一餐。相反，他們采取的美德而素食。

What is special during the New Year is that parents or elders will distribute red packets(ang pao or ya sui qian)to the children. People in the ancient times were more particular in giving away the red packets: the distribution took place on the eve of New Year so that the kids could suppress the past year and enter the New Year. Ya sui has the meaning of overcoming the unpredictable future. Representing the wishes for the healthy psychological growth of the children, ya sui qian symbolises the elders' hope to see their children overcome all the unpredictable elements brought by the "year".

什么是在新年特別的是，父母或長(zhǎng)輩派發(fā)紅包（昂寶或亞專(zhuān)門(mén)干）兒童。在古代的人更特別贈(zèng)送的紅包：分布發(fā)生在新年的前夕召開(kāi)這樣的孩子能抑制過(guò)去的一年，進(jìn)入新年。亞穗是克服不可預(yù)知的未來(lái)的意義。代表對(duì)健康兒童心理成長(zhǎng)的愿望，亞專(zhuān)門(mén)錢(qián)其琛象征長(zhǎng)老希望看到自己的學(xué)生能夠克服所有由“一年帶來(lái)無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的因素”。

There is an extraordinary number of taboos on Yuandan. Each place has its own customs of taboo. Here, we will mention only a few common taboos in Fujian Province, Guangdong Province and Southeast Asia:

有一個(gè)關(guān)于元旦禁忌不少樂(lè)趣。每個(gè)地方都有自己的禁忌習(xí)俗。在這里，我們只提幾個(gè)在福建省，廣東省和東南亞常見(jiàn)的禁忌：

In the past, people commonly believed that fortune was hidden in the house. So, w\sweeping of floor must be done in the direction moving inwards, and there was no clearance of rubbish at night. Particularly on the New Tear day, in order to keep fortune from flowing out, there was no sweeping. Some families kept this taboo until the fifth or even the fifteenth day. If anything was broken, the pieces were wrapped up in order not to let the fortune slip away and were disposed only the fifth day.

在過(guò)去，人們普遍認(rèn)為，幸福是在房子里隱藏的。因此，瓦特\地面清掃必須在向內(nèi)的方向前進(jìn)，也沒(méi)有在晚上的垃圾清除。特別是在新的撕裂一天，為了防止流出的財(cái)富，沒(méi)有清掃。有些家庭，直至第五次，甚至15天這種禁忌。如果有任何被打破，是件結(jié)束了，以免讓財(cái)富溜走并處置只有5天。