早起的鳥(niǎo)兒一定有蟲(chóng)吃嗎？

　　The early bird really does catch the worm… but he saves it for dinner.

　　早起的鳥(niǎo)兒真的是在捉蟲(chóng)，但卻在晚上才吃掉。

　　Blue tits, great tits and other small garden birds scout for food in the morning but only return to eat it in the late afternoon, a study found.

　　研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，藍(lán)山雀、大山雀和其他花園鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在早上找食，但只在臨近傍晚的時(shí)候才吃掉。

　　The Oxford University researchers believe the strategy allows them to stock up on food while avoiding the clutches of predators.

　　牛津大學(xué)的研究人員認(rèn)為，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)用這種方式來(lái)囤積食物，同時(shí)也為了免于被獵食動(dòng)物吃掉。

　　A full belly in the morning would slow them down in the hunt for food and make them easy prey.

　　要是早上吃飽了的話(huà)，在找食的時(shí)候飛得慢，容易被獵食動(dòng)物吃掉。

　　So they search out food when lean and lithe and then dine in the evening to ensure they have a big enough store of fat to survive through the night.

　　所以鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)趁身子輕盈的時(shí)候，在早上出去尋找食物，卻在晚上吃掉，這樣能保證體內(nèi)存儲(chǔ)大量脂肪來(lái)過(guò)夜。

　　The ‘early bird’ strategy was revealed in an experiment in which over 2,000 birds were fitted with tiny radio tags which activated when they landed on feeders hidden in Wytham Woods, near Oxford.

　　針對(duì)超過(guò)2000只鳥(niǎo)的實(shí)驗(yàn)揭示了這種“早起鳥(niǎo)” 捕食策略方式，試驗(yàn)中給鳥(niǎo)兒安裝了微型無(wú)線(xiàn)電標(biāo)簽，把喂食器藏在牛津附近的威薩姆森林里，鳥(niǎo)兒只要落在喂食器上微型無(wú)線(xiàn)電標(biāo)簽就會(huì)被激活。

　　The feeders were moved around over the course of the day and the researchers noted when the birds landed on them. This revealed that the birds were much better at finding the feeders’ new locations in the morning. However, they waited until the afternoon to get tucked in.

　　白天，研究人員會(huì)移動(dòng)喂食器的位置，觀(guān)察鳥(niǎo)兒落在喂食器上的情況。經(jīng)觀(guān)察發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在早上更容易找到喂食器的新位置。不過(guò)，他們等到下午才把捕來(lái)的蟲(chóng)子吃掉。

　　The researchers said the complex strategy acts as an insurance policy, with birds remaining light yet still able to get enough fat to survive the night. It is particularly important in winter when the risks of predation are high and just one day without food can make the difference between life and death for small birds.

　　研究人員說(shuō)，這種捕食策略復(fù)雜一些則保險(xiǎn)一些，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)要在保持身子輕盈的同時(shí)還要保證過(guò)夜所需的脂肪量充足。 特別是冬季，捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很高，小鳥(niǎo)就一天沒(méi)有吃的，就得面臨被餓死的境地。

　　Zoologist Damien Farine said: ‘Birds have to store body fat to avoid starving during the cold winter nights, but this can make them slower and less manoeuvrable so they are more likely to be caught by predators.

　　動(dòng)物學(xué)家Damien Farine說(shuō)：“鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)體內(nèi)儲(chǔ)存脂肪為了免于在寒冷的冬夜里挨餓受凍，但吃飽了身子不夠靈活就會(huì)飛得慢，所以，更有可能被獵食動(dòng)物吃掉。”

　　‘So there is a trade-off, where birds need to remain lean enough in order to “outrun” their predators during the day but also store enough fat to survive each night.’ Writing in the Royal Society journal Biology Letters, he added that the study shows that rather than ‘idly waiting’ to until the afternoon, the birds start searching out food in the morning.

　　“所以，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)也要遵循權(quán)衡法則，為了‘逃脫’被捕食動(dòng)物吃掉，就要保持身子輕盈，還要在白天儲(chǔ)存夠過(guò)夜的脂肪。” 該研究報(bào)告發(fā)表在《英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)生物學(xué)快報(bào)》雜志上，他還補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，據(jù)研究鳥(niǎo)兒們并不是“無(wú)所事事”地空等到下午，它們從早上就開(kāi)始尋找食物。

　　‘Our results show these birds display very different patterns of food discovery in the morning and afternoon; very few new food sources were found during the afternoon, whereas nearly every new food source we put out during the morning was quickly discovered.

　　“我們的研究結(jié)果顯示這些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在早上和下午找食物的模式大不一樣，在下午很少能找到新的食物源，而我們?cè)谠缟戏懦鋈サ氖澄飵缀趺恳粋€(gè)新的食物源都很快就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。”

　　‘It supports the idea of an ‘early bird’ strategy of scouting for food early on so they can return to feast a couple of hours before dusk in preparation for a long winter’s night.’

　　“這項(xiàng)研究為‘早起鳥(niǎo)’利用早上找食的策略性方法提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)，這樣它們可以趕在黃昏前飛回來(lái)吃掉為度過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)的冬夜做準(zhǔn)備。”