為了戰(zhàn)勝孤獨，讓我們創(chuàng)新

為了戰(zhàn)勝孤獨，讓我們創(chuàng)新

There's a unique program at Judson Manor, a retirement community in Cleveland, Ohio, where several college graduate students live amid the senior residents. Room and board for the students is free, and in exchange, they perform concerts and recitals.

在俄亥俄州克利夫蘭的退休社區(qū)賈德森莊園，有一個獨特的項目。學生的食宿是免費的，作為交換，他們表演音樂會和獨唱會。

The relationship seems to be a successful one. In addition to the complimentary accommodations for the students, they also share art lessons and often eat together. Along with friendship and companionship, they might share tips on everything from relationships to technology. For the seniors, especially, it's turned out to be a way to fight loneliness.

這段關系似乎很成功。除了免費住宿的學生，他們還分享藝術課，經(jīng)常一起吃飯。除了友誼和友情，他們可能還會分享從人際關系到科技等方方面面的技巧。尤其是對老年人來說，這被證明是一種對抗孤獨的方式。

And loneliness is a big deal. According to the American Psychological Association, loneliness and social isolation could be a greater threat to public health than obesity.

孤獨是個大問題。據(jù)美國心理協(xié)會稱，孤獨和社會孤立對公共健康的威脅可能比肥胖更大。

Those who live alone or have few social contacts are at risk for a premature death, especially if they're under the age of 65. (Photo: Antonio Guillem/Shutterstock)

More than one-third of adults over age 45 in the United States are estimated to be suffering from chronic loneliness, according to AARP’s Loneliness Study. Being lonely, according to the study, often goes hand in hand with poor health. Those who rated their health as "excellent" were over half as likely (55 percent versus 25 percent) to be lonely than those who rated their health as "poor."

根據(jù)美國退休人員協(xié)會(AARP)的孤獨感研究，美國45歲以上的成年人中估計有三分之一以上患有慢性孤獨。研究表明，孤獨往往與健康狀況不佳相伴而生。那些認為自己健康狀況“很好”的人比那些認為自己健康狀況“很差”的人感到孤獨的可能性(55%對25%)要低一半以上。

In two meta-analyses, researchers found that loneliness can increase the risk of early death.

在兩項薈萃分析中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)孤獨會增加早逝的風險。

Researchers are investigating a medical way to combat the epidemic with a "loneliness pill." They're investigating whether the hormone pregnenolone might reduce the fear that keeps lonely people from connecting with others and cause them to keep withdrawing.

研究人員正在研究一種用“孤獨藥丸”來對抗這種流行病的醫(yī)學方法。他們正在研究孕烯酮激素是否可以減少孤獨的人與他人聯(lián)系的恐懼，并導致他們不斷地退縮。

Meanwhile, some individuals are creating their own less-scientific solutions to combat loneliness. In London, 27-year-old student Alexandra Knox moved in with 95-year-old widow Florence Smith, reports the Daily Mail. Knox pays $277 a month to room with the Royal Air Force veteran.

與此同時，一些人正在創(chuàng)造自己的不那么科學的方法來對抗孤獨。據(jù)英國《每日郵報》報道，在倫敦，27歲的學生亞歷山德拉·諾克斯與95歲的寡婦弗洛倫斯·史密斯合住。諾克斯每月為這位皇家空軍老兵支付277美元的房費。

Smith signed up with a roommate-matching service to avoid feeling lonely. They share chores, watch TV together and sometimes share takeout meals.

為了避免寂寞，史密斯與一家室友配對服務公司簽約。他們一起做家務，一起看電視，有時一起吃外賣。

This is just one part of a greater push to solve the problem in the U.K..

這只是英國為解決這一問題而進行的更大努力的一部分。

Then-Prime Minister Teresa May created the first "minister for loneliness" and in October launched the government's first loneliness strategy. Loneliness is believed to affect 9 million people in the U.K.

時任英國首相的特雷莎·梅創(chuàng)建了首位“孤獨大臣”，并于10月推出了政府的首個孤獨策略。據(jù)信，在英國有900萬人受到孤獨的影響。

Under the plan, general practitioners will be able to refer patients suffering from loneliness to community activities and voluntary services by 2023. May's strategy also focuses on how loneliness can be addressed in different sectors:

根據(jù)該計劃，到2023年，全科醫(yī)生將能夠將孤獨患者轉介到社區(qū)活動和志愿服務。梅的策略還著眼于如何在不同領域解決孤獨問題:

Embedding loneliness into relationship education classes so children in primary and secondary schools can learn about loneliness and the value of social relationships.

將孤獨融入關系教育課程中，讓中小學的孩子們了解孤獨和社會關系的價值。

Pilot projects to support flexible and inclusive volunteering for people such as those with long-term health conditions, which will be rolled out in up to five pilot areas in England.

為長期健康狀況患者等提供靈活和包容性志愿服務的試點項目，將在英國多達五個試點地區(qū)開展。

Meeting with tech companies to discuss loneliness.

與科技公司討論孤獨。

"Loneliness is a reality for too many people in our society today… it can affect anyone of any age and background," said May in the press release. "This strategy is only the beginning of delivering a long and far reaching social change in our country - but it is a vital first step in a national mission to end loneliness in our lifetimes."

梅在新聞發(fā)布會上說:“在當今社會，孤獨對很多人來說都是現(xiàn)實……它可以影響任何年齡、任何背景的任何人。”“這一戰(zhàn)略只是我們國家實現(xiàn)長期而深遠的社會變革的開始，但它是終結我們一生孤獨的國家使命中至關重要的第一步。”