世界上最高的木質(zhì)建筑

世界上最高的木質(zhì)建筑

Although you can find wood buildings of considerable height in locales across the globe, most of these structures are limited to houses of worship and historic structures. They're not typically tall buildings found in dense urban settings — you know, residential high-rises, office towers and run-of-the-mill skyscrapers.

盡管你可以在世界各地的一些地方找到相當(dāng)高的木質(zhì)建筑，但這些建筑大多僅限于教堂和歷史建筑。它們不是在密集的城市環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)的典型高樓——你知道的，住宅高樓、辦公大樓和普通的摩天大樓。

While still in the conceptual stages, if and when 80-story Oakwood Tower is completed, it would be not only be one of London’s tallest skyscrapers, but the world’s tallest wooden skyscraper at 984 feet. (Photo: PLP Architecture)

Once written off as structurally unsafe fire hazards with price tags too daunting to touch, high-rises built primarily or exclusively from timber — "plyscrapers" if you will — are having a moment. And you better keep an eye on them because like the majestic, life-giving perennials from which they’re sourced, these innovative edifices are slowly but surely increasing in height, so much so that’s it’s hard to keep track of which project is current title-holder of world’s tallest wood building. In the United States at least, it’s building codes that need to catch up to the trend.

過去，主要或完全由木材建造的高層建筑——“膠合板”曾被認(rèn)為是結(jié)構(gòu)上不安全的火災(zāi)隱患，其價格標(biāo)簽讓人望而生畏，讓人不敢觸摸。如今，它們正經(jīng)歷著一段時間。你最好留意一下它們，因?yàn)榫拖袼鼈兊膩碓?mdash;—宏偉的、賦予生命的多年生植物一樣，這些創(chuàng)新建筑的高度在緩慢而穩(wěn)定地上升，如此之高以至于你很難追蹤到底哪個項(xiàng)目是目前世界上最高的木制建筑的所有者。至少在美國，建筑法規(guī)需要跟上這一趨勢。

In celebration of wood’s growing presence in modern skylines across the world, here are illustrations and photos of 4 tall timber buildings — some all-wood, some hybrid; some commercial and some residential; some conceptual and some completed or under construction — worth shouting from the treetops about.

為了慶祝木材在世界各地的現(xiàn)代天際線中越來越多的出現(xiàn)，這里有4座高大的木材建筑的插圖和照片——一些全木材，一些混合木材;一些商業(yè)和一些住宅;有些還在構(gòu)思中，有些已經(jīng)完成或正在建設(shè)中——值得我們在樹梢上大聲說出來。

Baobab in Paris

巴黎的猴面包樹

Baobab is an all-wood skyscraper project proposed for Paris. Photo: Michael Green Architecture

From the “tall wood” wizards at Vancouver-headquartered Michael Green Architecture (completed North American projects T3 and the Wood Innovation and Design Centre also appear on our list), Baobab — presumably named after the fabled tree found across Madagascar and the African savanna — is an all-wood skyscraper project proposed for Paris.

從“高木”向?qū)г赩ancouver-headquartered邁克爾綠色建筑(完成了北美項(xiàng)目T3和木頭創(chuàng)新和設(shè)計(jì)中心也出現(xiàn)在我們的列表),猴面包樹——大概是傳說中的樹命名發(fā)現(xiàn)在馬達(dá)加斯加和非洲大草原,是為巴黎提出的一個全木漿摩天大樓項(xiàng)目。

HoHo in Vienna

維也納的HoHo

Construction on a 275-foot-tall Viennese high-rise dubbed HoHo commenced in October 2016. (Photo: RLP)

With a couple of exceptions, Vienna is relatively light on modern skyscrapers. Instead, a colossal 19th-century Ferris wheel, a soaring Gothic cathedral and a 1960s-era concrete communications tower with a revolving restaurant up top define the prosperous European capital city’s distinctive skyline.

除了幾個例外，維也納對現(xiàn)代摩天大樓的重視程度相對較低。相反，一座巨大的19世紀(jì)摩天輪、一座高聳的哥特式大教堂和一座上世紀(jì)60年代的混凝土通信塔，頂部還有一座旋轉(zhuǎn)餐廳，構(gòu)成了這個繁榮的歐洲首都獨(dú)特的天際線。

Kulturhuset in Skellefteå, Sweden

瑞典斯凱萊夫特的庫爾圖胡塞特

When complete, Kulturhuset will be home to a hotel and cultural hub complete with a theater and museum. (Photo: White Arkitekter)

There’s no argument that the most-buzzed-about wood construction project in Skellefteå, a mid-size city in northern Sweden best known for its gold mining and ice hockey fanaticism, is Stoorn — “The Great One.” In development for over a decade, Stoorn, if ever built, would be a massive laminate timber building in the shape of an elk. Yes, an elk. Perched atop Mount Vithatten and itself rising 150 feet into the sky, the mighty wooden moose has a restaurant, conference center, concert hall and museum in its belly. The antlers would serve as observation deck.

毫無疑問，在瑞典北部的中型城市斯凱萊夫特，最受關(guān)注的木質(zhì)建筑項(xiàng)目是Stoorn——“偉大的建筑”。“經(jīng)過十多年的發(fā)展，Stoorn如果真的建成的話，將會是一個巨大的駝鹿形狀的層壓板木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。是的,一個麋鹿。這只雄壯的木駝鹿棲息在Vithatten山頂，高達(dá)150英尺，肚子里還有餐廳、會議中心、音樂廳和博物館。鹿角可以作為觀景臺。

Oakwood Tower in London

倫敦的奧克伍德大廈

This slender timber tower coming to London's skyline resembles an after-meal must: the toothpick. (Photo: PLP Architecture)

London has a knack for bestowing its most imposing edifices with cheeky nicknames that pay homage to — but mostly poke fun of — their characteristic shapes. After all, what other city has a Gherkin (30 St Mary Axe), a Shard (formerly London Bridge Tower), a Walkie-Talkie (20 Fenchurch Street), a Prawn (the Willis Building); a Pringle (the Olympic Velodrome) and a Cheesegrater (122 Leadenhall Street) gracing its skyline?

倫敦有本事給其最壯觀的建筑起個厚顏無恥的綽號，以敬意——但主要是取笑——它們特有的形狀。畢竟，其他城市有小黃瓜(圣瑪麗斧街30號)、碎片大廈(以前的倫敦橋塔)、步話機(jī)(芬切奇街20號)、對蝦大廈(威利斯大廈)。品客薯片(奧運(yùn)室內(nèi)賽車場)和奶酪擦(Leadenhall街122號)裝飾著它的天際線。