印度每年有24萬女童因性別歧視而夭折

Hundreds of thousands of young girls in India die every year because of "invisible discrimination", according to research published in the Lancet Global Health.

根據(jù)《柳葉刀全球健康雜志》上發(fā)表的研究顯示，在印度，由于無形的歧視，成千上萬的女童因此夭折。

Researchers from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis estimate an average of 239,000 girls under five in India die each year, or 2.4 million in a decade, because of their gender.

來自國際應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)分析研究所的研究人員估計(jì)，由于性別問題，印度平均每年有23.9萬名五歲以下的女孩死亡，十年內(nèi)死亡的女童人數(shù)高達(dá)240萬。

Many of the deaths were due to neglect, both within their families and from health practitioners, as well as an "invisible, routine and continued", bias Indian girls experience in food allocation.

許多女孩的死亡都是由于她們的家庭照料人員以及健康從業(yè)人員的疏忽造成的，以及“無形的、常態(tài)化的、持續(xù)的”、在給印度女孩分配食物的經(jīng)驗(yàn)方面的偏見。

Studies have shown that Indian girls receive less education, have poorer nutrition and get less medical attention than boys.

研究表明，印度女孩受教育程度較低，營養(yǎng)不良，受到的醫(yī)療照顧要比男孩少。

Under natural conditions and in countries where no such gender bias exists, mortality rates for girls under five should be lower than those for boys due to a natural biological advantage.

在自然條件下以及沒有女孩性別歧視的國家，由于天生的生物優(yōu)勢，五歲以下女童的死亡率應(yīng)當(dāng)是低于男童的。

But the researchers, who used census data from 2000-2005, found what they described as an"excess mortality rate" among girls under five across 29 out of 35 Indian states. The rate was 18.5 per 1,000 live births.

但是，研究人員使用了2000年至2005年的人口普查數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)在印度的35個(gè)邦里，有29個(gè)邦的5歲以下女童出現(xiàn)了他們所謂的“超額死亡率”。每1000人中就有18.5人死亡。

The worst affected was northern India, which has a number of large rural agricultural states with low education and socio-economic development levels and high fertility.

這個(gè)問題在印度北部地區(qū)最突出，那里有大片的農(nóng)村區(qū)域，教育水平低，社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展程度低，出生率卻很高。

Christophe Guilmoto from the University Paris-Descartes, France, said that for too long, the focus had been on pre-natal sex selection.

法國巴黎笛卡爾大學(xué)的里斯托弗·吉爾莫托表示，長期以來，人們都關(guān)注的是產(chǎn)前的性別選擇。

"Gender-based discrimination towards girls doesn't simply prevent them from being born, it may also precipitate the death of those who are born," said Guilmoto.

吉爾莫托表示：“性別歧視不僅令許多女嬰根本沒有來到人世的機(jī)會，還讓已經(jīng)出生的女孩面臨死亡的威脅。”

"Gender equity is not only about rights to education, employment or political representation. It is also about care, vaccination and nutrition of girls, and ultimately survival."

“性別平等不僅僅意味著教育、就業(yè)和參與政治的機(jī)會均等，它也體現(xiàn)在給女孩提供的關(guān)愛、預(yù)防接種、營養(yǎng)以及最根本的存活的權(quán)利。”