追蹤從COVID-19中恢復(fù)的人口數(shù)量十分重要

追蹤從COVID-19中恢復(fù)的人口數(shù)量十分重要

It's a question that many want answered: Exactly how many people recover from Covid-19?

這是一個(gè)很多人想要得到答案的問題:到底有多少人從Covid-19中恢復(fù)過來?

Most people with Covid-19 have mild illness and are able to recover at home without medical care, while severe cases often receive supportive care in the hospital, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心稱，大多數(shù)Covid-19患者病情輕微，無需醫(yī)療護(hù)理就能在家中康復(fù)，而重癥患者通常在醫(yī)院接受支持性護(hù)理。

Although there have been regional, national and global data on confirmed cases and deaths, not much has been reported on recovery.

雖然有關(guān)于確診病例和死亡的區(qū)域、國(guó)家和全球數(shù)據(jù)，但關(guān)于康復(fù)的報(bào)告不多。

Johns Hopkins University, which is among few institutions that have been tracking recovered cases, has been doing so since its data collection on Covid-19 cases was first made public in an online dashboard in January, Douglas Donovan, a spokesman for the university in Baltimore, said in an email on Friday.

巴爾的摩大學(xué)發(fā)言人道格拉斯·多諾萬上周五在一封電子郵件中說，約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)是為數(shù)不多的幾所追蹤已獲案件的機(jī)構(gòu)之一，自今年1月首次在網(wǎng)絡(luò)儀表板上公開其Covid-19康復(fù)病例的數(shù)據(jù)收集以來，該校一直在這樣做。

Why tracking recovered cases is important

為什么追蹤康復(fù)的病例很重要

Knowing the number of recovered cases could help provide an accurate measure of the total number of people that have been infected, said Dr. Bala Hota, a professor of infectious diseases and the associate medical officer for Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.

傳染病學(xué)教授、芝加哥拉什大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的助理醫(yī)務(wù)官員巴拉·霍塔博士說，了解康復(fù)病例的數(shù)量，可以幫助我們準(zhǔn)確衡量感染的總?cè)藬?shù)。

"Knowing the real number of infected people in the population would be very useful to have better models of when disease will peak and decline, and also when we can begin to return people to work," Hota said.

霍塔說:“了解人口中受感染的真實(shí)人數(shù)將非常有用，這有助于更好地預(yù)測(cè)疾病何時(shí)達(dá)到高峰和下降，以及我們何時(shí)可以開始讓人們重返工作崗位。”

Recovery data also could indicate how easily people can build immunity against the virus.

康復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)也可以表明人們可以多么容易地建立對(duì)病毒的免疫力。

"Previously infected people will be able to be excluded as susceptible individuals in modeling, which would impact the prediction of how many cases will occur in the near future," Hota said.

霍塔說：“以前感染的人在建模時(shí)可以被排除在易感人群之外，這將影響到對(duì)近期將發(fā)生多少病例的預(yù)測(cè)。”。

"At an individual level, if people can know if they were asymptomatically or mildly infected and recovered, they can know that they are immune and can safely return to work once the quarantine was lifted."

“在個(gè)人層面上，如果人們知道自己是無癥狀感染還是輕度感染并康復(fù)，他們就能知道自己是免疫的，一旦隔離被解除，他們就能安全返回工作崗位。”

There's no evidence to date that people who recover from Covid-19 can get re-infected with the novel coronavirus -- though there isn't a lot of data in general, Hota said. He added that identifying those who recover could help indicate those who have built immunity, at least in the short term.

霍塔說，到目前為止，還沒有證據(jù)表明從Covid-19恢復(fù)的人會(huì)再次感染這種新型冠狀病毒，盡管總體上沒有很多數(shù)據(jù)。他補(bǔ)充說，確定那些康復(fù)的人可能有助于表明那些人已經(jīng)建立了免疫力，至少在短期內(nèi)是這樣。

Currently there is no treatment for Covid-19 approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, but those infected can recover with appropriate care to relieve and treat symptoms.

目前，美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局尚未批準(zhǔn)Covid-19的治療方案，但感染者可以通過適當(dāng)?shù)淖o(hù)理來緩解和治療癥狀。

The CDC has noted that for those with Covid-19 isolated at home, they are considered recoveredif they meet three criteria:

美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心注意到，對(duì)于那些在家里被隔離的Covid-19患者，如果他們符合以下三個(gè)條件，就會(huì)被視為康復(fù):

1. No fever for at least 72 hours without using fever-reducing medications

在至少72小時(shí)內(nèi)不使用退燒藥物也不發(fā)燒

2. Improvement in other coronavirus-related symptoms, such as cough or shortness of breath

其他與冠狀病毒有關(guān)的癥狀得到改善，如咳嗽或呼吸短促

3. A period of at least seven days has passed since symptoms first appeared

自癥狀首次出現(xiàn)以來，至少已經(jīng)過了7天的時(shí)間

If they have access to testing, the criteria includes two consecutive tests that are negative and 24 hours apart, along with no longer having a fever and seeing improvement in symptoms.

如果他們有機(jī)會(huì)接受檢測(cè)，條件包括兩項(xiàng)連續(xù)檢測(cè)，間隔24小時(shí)，結(jié)果均為陰性，同時(shí)不再發(fā)燒，癥狀有所改善。

It can take several weeks to fully recover from illness caused by the novel coronavirus, Dr. Mike Ryan, executive director of the World Health Organization's Health Emergencies Programme, said during a briefing in Geneva in early March.

世界衛(wèi)生組織衛(wèi)生緊急情況規(guī)劃執(zhí)行主任邁克·瑞安博士3月初在日內(nèi)瓦的一次通報(bào)會(huì)上說，從新型冠狀病毒引起的疾病中完全恢復(fù)可能需要幾周時(shí)間。