在冠狀病毒流行病期間，30歲以上的美國(guó)人的飲酒量一直在增加

在冠狀病毒流行病期間，30歲以上的美國(guó)人的飲酒量一直在增加

Americans over 30 have been drinking more during the coronavirus pandemic compared to this time last year, and there could be consequences to their physical and mental health, researchers reported Tuesday.

研究人員周二報(bào)告稱，與去年同期相比，30歲以上的美國(guó)人在冠狀病毒流行病期間飲酒過量，這可能會(huì)對(duì)他們的身心健康造成影響。

Overall frequency of alcohol consumption increased by about 14% from 2019, the researchers reported in the journal JAMA Network Open. That increase averages out to about one additional drinking day per month by 75% of adults.

研究人員在《JAMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)開放》雜志上報(bào)告說，從2019年開始，飲酒的總體頻率增加了約14%。75%的成年人平均每月多飲酒一天。

RAND Corporation sociologist Michael Pollard and colleagues analyzed a nationally representative sample of 1,540 people ages 30 to 80. The participants completed a survey about their drinking habits between April 29 and June 9 of 2019 and then again between May 28 and June 16 of 2020.

蘭德公司的社會(huì)學(xué)家邁克爾·波拉德和他的同事們分析了全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)具有代表性的1540名年齡在30到80歲之間的人。參與者在2019年4月29日至6月9日之間完成了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于他們飲酒習(xí)慣的調(diào)查，并在2020年5月28日至6月16日之間再次完成了一次調(diào)查。

The volunteers reported they drank alcohol on more days every week.

志愿者們報(bào)告說他們每周飲酒的天數(shù)增加了。

Frequency of drinking increased by 17% among women, 19% among people aged 30 to 59 and by 10% among White people.

女性飲酒頻率增加了17%，30 - 59歲人群增加了19%，白人增加了10%。

Nearly one in 10 women, or 39%, reported an increase in alcohol-related problems, the researchers found.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，近十分之一(39%)的女性報(bào)告說，與酒精相關(guān)的問題有所增加。

"At times of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption can exacerbate health vulnerability, risk-taking behaviors, mental health issues and violence," the World Health Organization said in April.

世界衛(wèi)生組織今年4月說:“在COVID-19流行病期間的封閉時(shí)期，飲酒會(huì)加劇健康脆弱性、冒險(xiǎn)行為、心理健康問題和暴力。”

The researchers say it's important to watch for whether the increases in alcohol consumption persist over the pandemic, and whether there will be physical and mental health consequences as a result.

研究人員說，重要的是要關(guān)注飲酒的增加是否會(huì)在流行病期間持續(xù)下去，以及是否會(huì)因此對(duì)身心健康造成影響。

The uptick in drinking among adults isn't necessarily a surprise. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Director Dr. George Koob said that the US has seen similar increases in alcohol consumption during other times of crisis, like after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and some recent hurricanes.

成年人飲酒的增加并不一定令人驚訝。國(guó)家酒精濫用和酗酒研究所主任喬治·庫布博士說，美國(guó)在其他危機(jī)時(shí)期也有類似的酒精消費(fèi)量增長(zhǎng)，比如911恐怖襲擊和最近的一些颶風(fēng)之后。

However, the increase in drinking during this crisis could be especially dangerous. Experts say it may actually increase the risk of Covid-19 spread and severe illness.

然而，這次危機(jī)期間飲酒的增加可能是特別危險(xiǎn)的。專家表示，這可能會(huì)增加Covid-19傳播和嚴(yán)重疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Not only is alcohol often consumed in crowded settings, like bars and parties, said Koob; it lowers a person's inhibitions, making it more likely people will allow close contact and talk more, raising the likelihood they could spread the virus.

庫布說，酒精不僅經(jīng)常在擁擠的環(huán)境中飲用，比如酒吧和聚會(huì);它會(huì)降低一個(gè)人的抑制力，使人們更可能允許近距離接觸和交談，從而增加他們傳播病毒的可能性。

Excessive alcohol use has been linked to a weakened immune system and other negative health effects, also.

過度飲酒還與免疫系統(tǒng)衰弱和其他負(fù)面健康影響有關(guān)。

"About half the people that have acute respiratory distress syndrome are individuals who have misused alcohol," said Koob. "We worry that if you're drinking excessively, that could set you up, if you contract the virus, with a more severe respiratory problem."

“大約有一半患有急性呼吸窘迫綜合癥的人都是濫用酒精的人，” 庫布說。“我們擔(dān)心，如果你過度飲酒，如果你感染病毒，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的呼吸問題。”