雙語詩歌翻譯|陳繼儒-《幽窗小記》

《幽窗小記》又名《醉古堂劍掃》作者是明朝的陳繼儒?！队拇靶∮洝分凶钪囊痪涫恰皩櫲璨惑@，閑看庭前花開花落。去留無意，漫隨天外云卷云舒?！标惱^儒今存著，除《小窗幽記》外，尚有《見聞錄》、《六合同春》、《陳眉公詩余》、《虎薈》、《眉公雜著》等。

《幽窗小記》（節(jié)選）

陳繼儒

賞花須結(jié)豪友，觀妓須結(jié)淡友，登山須結(jié)逸友，泛舟須結(jié)曠友，對月須結(jié)冷友，待雪須結(jié)艷友，捉酒須結(jié)韻友。

法飲宜舒，放飲宜雅，病飲宜小，愁飲宜醉；春飲宜庭，夏飲宜郊，秋飲宜舟，冬飲宜室，夜飲宜月。

凡醉各有所宜：醉花宜晝，襲其光也；醉雪宜夜，清其思也；醉得意宜唱，宣其和也；醉將離宜擊缽，壯其神也；醉文人宜謹節(jié)奏，畏其侮也；醉俊人宜益觥盂加旗幟，助其烈也；醉樓宜暑，資其清也；醉水宜秋；泛其爽也。此皆審其宜，考其景；反之，則失飲矣。

吾齋之中，不尚虛禮。凡入此齋，均為知己。隨分款留，忘形笑語，不言是非，不侈榮利，閑談古今，靜玩山水，清茶好酒，以適幽趣。臭味之交，如斯而已。

月夜焚香，古桐三弄，便覺萬慮都忘，妄想盡絕。試看香是何味？煙是何色？穿窗之白是何影？指下之馀是何音？恬然樂之，而悠然忘之者是何趣？不可思量處是何境？

凡靜室，須前栽碧梧，后種翠竹；前檐放步，北用暗窗；春冬閉之，以避風雨；夏秋可開，以通涼爽。然碧梧之趣，春冬落葉，以舒負喧融和之樂；夏秋交蔭，以蔽炎爍蒸烈之威。

Sketches by the Little Window

Chen Chiju

For enjoying flowers, one must secure nonchalant friends. For going to sing-song houses to have a look at the girls, one must secure quiet or mild-tempered friends. For going up a high mountain, one must secure romantic friends. For boating, one must secure friends with an expansive nature. For looking at the moon, one must secure friends with a cool philosophy. For anticipating snow, one must secure beautiful friends. For a wine party, one must secure friends with flavor and charm.

Formal drinking should be slow and leisurely, while unrestrained drinking, elegant and romantic. A sick person should drink a very small quantity, while a sad person should drink so much as to get drunk. Drinking in the spring should take place in a courtyard, in summer in the outskirts of a city, in autumn on a boat, and in winter in the house, and at night it should be enjoyed in the presence of the moon.

There is a proper time and place for getting drunk. One should get drunk in the company of flowers during the day, in order to assimilate their light and colour; and one should get drunk in the company of snow at night, in order to clear one’s thoughts. A man getting drunk when happy at success should sing, in order to harmonize his spirit; and a man getting drunk at a farewell party should strike an earthen pot in order to strengthen his spirit. A drunken scholar should be careful in his conduct, so that humiliations can be avoided; and a drunken military man should order gallons and put up more flags, so that his military splendour can be increased. Drinking in a tower should take place in summer, in order to profit from the cool atmosphere; and drinking in a boat on the water should take place in autumn, in order to increase the sense of elated freedom. These are proper ways of drinking in respect of mood and scenery, and to violate these rules is to miss the pleasure of drinking.

In my studio, all formalities will be abolished, and only the most intimate friends will be admitted. They will be treated with good or bad fare such as I have, and will chat and laugh together and forget our own existence. We will never discuss the right and wrong of other people and will be totally indifferent to worldly glory and wealth. In our leisure we will discuss the ancients and the moderns; and in our quiet, we will enjoy the sceneries of the mountains and rivers. Then we will have thin, clear tea and good wine to fit into the atmosphere of delightful seclusion. That is my conception of the pleasure of intimate friendship.

We burn incense on a moonlit night and play three stanzas on the ch’in, and immediately the myriad worries of our breast are banished and all our foolish ambitions or desires are forgotten. We will then inquire, what is the fragrance of this incense, what is the colour of the smoke, what are the white streams of light darting in through the window, what is this sound that arises from below my fingertips, what is this enjoyment which makes us so quietly happy and so forgetful of everything else, and what is the condition of the infinite universe?

For a quiet studio, one should have some green wut’ung trees in front and some emerald bamboos behind. On the south of the house the eaves will