英語六級考試——寫作真題選析之諺語警句型

三、諺語警句型

(一)題型描述

　　 顧名思義,諺語警句型寫作就是給出諺語或警句作題目,要求考生就其寫出一篇作文。這種題型在六級考試的歷史上出現(xiàn)過四次,即2013年6月、2012年12月、2011年12月和1997年1月的真題。這種類型作為近年來的常考類型,自然為大家所關注,但并不可怕,寫起來同樣有規(guī)律可循,下面以真題為例說明該題型的構(gòu)思和寫作方法。

(二)真題示例

　　 2011年12月真題

　　 Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Way to Success by commenting on Abraham Lincoln's famous remark,“Give me six hours to chop down a tree,and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

(三)整體構(gòu)思

　　 本題的出題形式在六級寫作歷史上有劃時代的意義:就是從這道題開始,六級寫作不再給出具體提綱(當然,不排除以后出現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)提綱作文的可能)。但是,如前文所述,不給提綱的作文也完全可以按照同類作文往年真題給出的提綱提示去寫。比如1997年1月的真題:

　　 1997年1月真題

　　 Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Haste Makes Waste.You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below.

　　 1.為什么“欲速則不達”?

　　 2.舉例說明。

(四)分段寫作

　　 下面分別講解每一段的寫作。

　　 第一段

　　 第一段要解釋這一諺語的含義。其實用一句話解釋不難,從字面上解釋一下即可。不過,既然要寫成一段,那就應該再擴展一下。其實,在這里可以從正面和反面各思考一下:為什么要“spend the first four sharpening the axe”?不這樣做會有什么不好的結(jié)果?這樣可說的話就多了。

　　 第二段

　　 其實第二段舉例還是比較容易的。首先,如果能夠想到一些有名的歷史事例,寫出來是比較有說服力的。但表述這樣一些歷史事例對一部分同學來說可能有難度,那么可以想象一下現(xiàn)實生活中的例子或者個人經(jīng)歷,這是比較容易的。其實,如果這些例證都不好表述,可以以英語學習為例,因為學生的任務就是學習。而且這篇文章里面要提到的很多內(nèi)容都可以用于別的作文,考生可以把這些例子總結(jié)起來。

　　 第三段

　　 如上所述,第三段要“總結(jié)發(fā)揮”,即強調(diào)一下該諺語的重要性,說明我們在學習、工作、生活等方面都要注意,并且可以提出一些具體的建議。在文章最后還可以以一個有類似含義的英文諺語來結(jié)束寫作。

(五)高分模板

　　 其實,通過這篇文章的寫作,可以總結(jié)出整個“諺語警句型”作文的模板,即下文中畫線的部分:

　　 The Way to Success

　　 A famous remark by Abraham Lincoln goes that “Give me six hours to chop down a tree,and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” Obviously,by so saying,the late American President means that laying a solid foundation is of vital importance in achieving success.In other words,one should keep his or her eyes on the process or the preparation work of a task rather than haste to the end,which more often than not,results in a waste of time.

　　 This saying is truly inspiring and instructive,especially when it comes to our daily life and work.Take English study as an example.There are numerous failures in College English Test Band 4 or Band 6.Most of them lack a sound grasp of basic grammar and vocabulary,rushing to take model tests,only to erode their confidence or waste their time.Others,on the contrary,do a careful and painstaking job with the study of their text books,reviewing grammatical rules and vocabulary even learnt in middle school.Though seemingly they are slow in their preparation for the exam,they are usually the final winners.

　　 People tend to be impatient or too thirsty for easy success in modern society.Actually,whenever we are in haste,we should let Lincoln's words ring by our ear and remember:No pains,no gains,and haste makes waste.

　　 譯文

　　 成功之路

　　 林肯的一句名言說“給我六個小時砍倒一棵樹,我會花前四個小時磨斧子”。很明顯,這位美國已故總統(tǒng)這么說的意思是,打下的堅實基礎在取得成功的過程中是至關重要的。換句話說,我們應該著眼于一項任務的過程或準備工作,而不是急于求成,因為那樣往往會造成時間的浪費。

　　 這句話的確是有啟發(fā)意義和教育意義的,尤其當談到我們的日常生活和工作的時候。以英語學習為例。有很多人四六級考試沒有通過。他們大部分人沒有很好地掌握基礎語法和詞匯,就急急忙忙地去做?？碱},結(jié)果卻使自信受損,或者浪費了時間。相反,另一些人認真、刻苦地學習教材,甚至復習中學學過的語法規(guī)則和詞匯。盡管他們備考的速度似乎很慢,但他們卻通常是最后的勝利者。

　　 在現(xiàn)代社會,人們往往缺乏耐心,急于求成。事實上,不管什么時候,如果我們著急,我們都應該讓林肯的話在我們耳邊響起,記住:不勞無獲;欲速則不達。

(六)學以致用

　　 該文中畫線的部分也可以用到同類文章的寫作當中,如下面的作文:

　　 2012年12月真題

　　 Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Maintaining Trust by commenting on the saying,“It takes years to build trust,and a few seconds to destroy it.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　 這道題可以按照“解決問題型”思路寫作,但也可以用“名言警句型”的思路。

　　 范文

　　 On Maintaining Trust

　　 A famous saying goes “It takes years to build trust,and a few seconds to destroy it.” Obviously,it means that prudence is of vital importance in maintaining trust.In other words,one should mind his behavior rather than act willfully or cheat others,which more often than not,results in the ruin of the hard?gained good reputation.

　　 This saying is truly inspiring and instructive,especially when it comes to our daily life and work.Take what happened to KFC recently as an example.As one of the most famous fast?food enterprises in the world,it is being doubted in China because of its problematic chicken.Indeed,the company has been endeavoring very vigorously in the past years to erect a positive image in this country:calling for donations to the underprivileged groups,sponsoring sports events and the like.However,the entire mansion of its reputation collapsed in seconds after the news spread wildly online that its raw materials are doubtable in quality.

　　 People tend to be tempted by fame,fortune or lust in modern society more than in the past,thus making mistakes and even committing crimes.Actually,whenever we are in the face of such temptation,we should let the famous saying ring by our ear and remember:Rome was not built in a day,but it can be destroyed overnight.

　　 譯文

　　 論維護信任

　　 有一句名言說“建立信任需要幾年,毀掉信任卻只需要幾秒”。很明顯,這句話的意思是,謹慎對于維持信任來說是至關重要的。換句話說,應該謹言慎行,而不是輕舉妄動或欺騙他人,因為那樣往往會使辛辛苦苦積攢起來的良好聲譽毀于一旦。

　　 這句話的確是有啟發(fā)意義和教育意義的,尤其當談到我們的日常生活和工作的時候。以肯德基最近發(fā)生的事情為例。作為全球最有名的快餐企業(yè)之一,它在中國卻因為問題雞肉而遭到質(zhì)疑。事實上,該公司在過去幾年中一直積極努力地在我國樹立正面形象:呼吁為貧困群體捐款、贊助體育賽事等等。然而,當關于其原材料質(zhì)量可疑的信息在網(wǎng)上瘋傳之后,其聲譽大廈頃刻倒塌。

　　 在現(xiàn)代社會,人們往往比以前更容易受到名、利、色的誘惑,因而犯錯甚至犯罪。事實上,不管什么時候,如果我們面臨誘惑,我們都應該讓這句名言在我們耳邊響起,記住:羅馬不是一天建成的,但可以毀于一旦。

(七)模板變臉

　　 其實,好的寫法絕不止一種,我們也可以總結(jié)出“諺語警句型”作文的其他模板,如下面文章中畫線的部分:

　　 The Way to Success

　　 An age?old proverb says that “Give me six hours to chop down a tree,and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe,” by which is meant that laying a solid foundation is crucial in achieving success.To put it in another way,one should keep his or her eyes on the process or the preparation work of a task rather than haste to the end,which more often than not,leads to a waste of time.

　　 Actually,history abounds with examples to prove the truth of this saying.Taking a look around,we can also find examples too many to enumerate.Here I can think of no better illustration of the proverb than English study.There are numerous failures in College English Test Band 4 or Band 6.Most of them lack asound grasp of basic grammar and vocabulary,rushing to take model tests,only to erode their confidence or waste their time.Others,by contrast,do a careful and painstaking job with the study of their text books,reviewing grammatical rules and vocabulary even learnt in middle school.Though seemingly they are slow in their preparation for the exam,they are usually the final winners.

　　 Bringing what has been discussed into a conclusion,we may say that laying a solid foundation is vital if we want to make achievements in our studies or work,or indeed in any other aspect of our lives.So,one should not be too hasty or impatient.Instead,he should accomplish a task step by step.In a word,we should truly understand the profound meaning of the proverb and take the right actions in our life in the future.

　　 譯文

　　 成功之路

　　 一句由來已久的名言說“給我六個小時砍倒一棵樹,我會花前四個小時磨斧子”,意思是,打下堅實基礎在取得成功的過程中是很關鍵的。換句話說,我們應該著眼于一項任務的過程或準備工作,而不是急于求成,因為那樣往往會造成時間的浪費。

　　 事實上,歷史上存在著大量的例子來證明這句話的道理。即使我們看看周圍也能發(fā)現(xiàn)例子不勝枚舉。在這里,我想不到比英語學習更好的例子了。有很多人四六級考試沒有通過。他們大部分人沒有很好地掌握基礎語法和詞匯,就急急忙忙地去做模考題,結(jié)果卻使自信受損,或者浪費了時間。相反,另一些人認真、刻苦地學習教材,甚至復習中學學過的語法規(guī)則和詞匯。盡管他們備考的速度似乎很慢,但他們卻通常是最后的勝利者。

　　 綜上所述,我們可以說,如果我們想在學習、工作乃至生活中的任何其他方面取得成就,打下堅實的基礎都是很重要的。所以,我們不應該過于著急,缺乏耐心。相反,我們應該一步一步地完成任務。簡而言之,我們應該真正理解這一諺語的深刻含義,并在未來生活中采取正確的行動。

(八)變臉應用

　　 2013年6月真題1

　　 Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Good habits result from resisting temptation”.You may cite some examples to support you view.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　 范文

　　 An age?old proverb says that “Good habits result from resisting temptation,” by which is meant that a strong will is essential in fostering good habits,or that we should resist temptation in developing good habits.

　　 Actually,history abounds with examples to prove the truth of this saying.Taking a look around,we can also find examples too many to enumerate.Here I can think of no better illustration of the proverb than the experience of my own.Like many others,I was not very good at English,especially in terms of listening and speaking.Half a year ago,after failing in the CET?6,I decided to get up at five every morning to practice my listening.However,in the first few weeks,I found it too hard to get off my warm bed while others were sleeping sound.Yet I managed to resist the temptation and found my English indeed better than before.

　　 Bringing what has been discussed into a conclusion,we may say that good habits are really developed during the process of resisting temptation.So,one should not give up just because of the difficulties at the beginning.Instead,he should persevere unremittingly with a belief in the rewards of the habits.In a word,we should truly understand the profound meaning of the proverb and take the right actions in our life and study in the future.

　　 譯文

　　 一句由來已久的諺語說“良好的習慣源自抵制誘惑”,意思是,堅強的意志對于養(yǎng)成好的習慣來說是很重要的。換句話說,我們應該在培養(yǎng)好習慣的過程中抵制誘惑。

　　 事實上,歷史上存在著大量的例子來證明這句話的道理。即使我們看看周圍也能發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的例子不勝枚舉。在這里,我想不到比我自己的經(jīng)歷更好的例子了。同其他很多人一樣,我以前英語并不好,尤其是聽力和口語。半年前,在六級考試失敗之后,我決定每天早上五點起床練聽力。 然而,在開始的幾周,我覺得在別人熟睡的時候爬出溫暖的被窩簡直太難了。然而,我設法抵制住了誘惑,后來我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的英語比以前好多了。

　　 綜上所述,我們可以說,好的習慣確實是在抵制誘惑的過程中養(yǎng)成的。所以,我們不應該因為開始時的困難而放棄。相反,應該堅持下去,相信好習慣帶來的回報。簡而言之,我們應該真正理解這一諺語的深刻含義,在未來的生活中采取正確的行動。