雅思小作文寫作考生最常用錯的詞組
一、compare與contrast的誤用
我們先從兩者的定義入手來看兩者的區(qū)別。Compare的定義為：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定義為：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定義不難看出前者側(cè)重于找到兩個或多個事物的異同，而后者則側(cè)重于它們的不同。
看個例句：
It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours.
前一句翻譯為：對比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會很有趣。
后一句的翻譯為：我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同，這很有趣。
再看一個引自O(shè)XFORD ADBANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY的例子：
There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West.
The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.
When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.
不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，Compare 翻譯為“ 與。。。相比”而contrast可譯為“明顯不同的是。。。”，切記這種翻譯方式就不會用錯彼此了。
二、介詞使用錯誤
1、普通介詞的誤用
一般表現(xiàn)為固定搭配錯誤，如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等，雖然這樣的錯誤看似無傷大雅，但在考官眼里就是影響順暢閱讀的，當(dāng)然會影響最終成績。解決的辦法簡單而古老：把常見的固定搭配牢記于心，問題自然就解決了。
2、“to”作為介詞的誤用
“to”最常見的用法是以動詞不定式符號的形式出現(xiàn)的，所以同學(xué)們也已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了 “to do”的固定搭配。對于一些如walk to me, to the left等介詞to表方向等常見用法一般也不會出現(xiàn)錯誤。但是對于與動詞搭配的介詞to就會經(jīng)常犯錯：
如：
More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them.
這里的 ‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’ 其中 ‘to’為介詞，所以后面只能接名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞，如動名詞。所以黑體處應(yīng)改為“depending on”。“take to”的另一個常用用法也需要牢記：
He hasn’t taken to his new school. (這里‘take to’ means ‘to start liking sb or sth’)
Prefer A to B中的 “to”也是介詞，會有 prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else, 這里提醒您，“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符號。
類似的常用用法請同學(xué)們牢記：
Be used to doing
Be accustomed to doing
See to doing
Adapt to doing
Adjust to doing
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.
等等，請注意平時仔細積累。
