步驟一:備題
備題,指的是充分理解近年來考過的每道雅思寫作題目,必須著眼于整個問題,不要將思路局限在問題中的個別詞語上。很多考生對于題目的理解很不到位,把握不住重心,從而可能會導(dǎo)致錯解題意。寫作需要“精準(zhǔn)”,審題如果失之毫厘,文章則會謬以千里。
例如:Traffic and housing problems in major cities could be solved by moving large companies and factories with their employees to the countryside. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
該題目提出大城市交通堵塞和居住緊張問題,建議解決方案是把大公司和員工轉(zhuǎn)移到郊區(qū)??忌梢蕴岢鲆恍┢渌蜃C明這個解決方案可能不會奏效。這些原因可以是: 交通設(shè)施落后old transport infrastructure 、交通管理水平低下poor traffic control 、城市人口增長過快fast population growth、住房供應(yīng)不足inadequate housing supply 等。如果考生不深入思考這個題目可能會提出類似以下
錯誤論點(diǎn):The city, large corporate, and factories could suffer substantial financial loss because business operation is usually more difficult in faraway location than in the city.
考生可能認(rèn)為:如果公司賠錢,城市的稅收收入減少,政府就更沒有錢來改善交通和居住條件了。但是這種思維不能直接解釋把公司或者工廠移到市郊去是否能解決問題,所以是不適合作為論點(diǎn)的。還有人考慮到這樣做可以增加當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)、造成環(huán)境惡化、或者遷移帶來的公司運(yùn)營成本增加等等論點(diǎn)都不屬于本題討論之列。
步驟二:備語言表達(dá)
通過閱讀Task 2 相關(guān)話題文章,如劍橋真題范文、BBC、Economist 等,積累詞伙與句型表達(dá),并模仿其寫法。對于基礎(chǔ)語法薄弱的烤鴨們,推薦先通讀一本語法書,熟悉基本的語法結(jié)構(gòu),然后在接下來的閱讀中鞏固語法知識,加強(qiáng)多樣性句型的靈活運(yùn)用。對于基礎(chǔ)還不錯的學(xué)生,可以使用高分句型,如插入語,強(qiáng)調(diào)句或倒裝句等。
步驟三:備素材
很多剛接觸雅思的考生都覺得看到Task 2 題目后無話可說,思路匱乏的最主要原因是雅思寫作的主題并不在中國考生的關(guān)注范圍之內(nèi),比如政府智能,犯罪和藝術(shù)話題等。雅思寫作題目的出題范圍非常廣泛,往往難以預(yù)測。不過,雅思考試多年來主題的重復(fù)率一直很高,且集中在很有限的幾大題材范圍中,比如教育、社會、環(huán)境、政府等,同時注意犯罪、老年人、動物冷門話題素材的積累。與其盲目猜測,不如總結(jié)歷年考過的主題,分門別類,考前每種主題練習(xí)一篇,考試時必能胸有成足,順利應(yīng)對。
推薦閱讀The Economist、BBC NEWS,積累素材,尋找Ideas,例如:
雅思真題:The production and transport of food has been heavily influenced by modern technology. To what extent do you think this is a positive development?
節(jié)選自The economist:
IN AUGUST environmentalists in the Philippines vandalised a field of Golden Rice, an experimental grain whose genes had been modified to carry beta-carotene, a chemical precursor of vitamin A. Golden Rice is not produced by a corporate behemoth but by the public sector. Its seeds will be handed out free to farmers. The aim is to improve the health of children in poor countries by reducing vitamin A deficiency, which contributes to hundreds of thousands of premature deaths and cases of blindness each year.
步驟四:備思路
建議烤鴨們最好將構(gòu)思論點(diǎn)和寫作的過程分開,兩者同時進(jìn)行非常不易。審題后,從問題的所有方面構(gòu)思論點(diǎn),你必須明確立場或自己與問題之間的關(guān)系,比如說同意、不同意或保持中立。例如:Alternative forms of transport should be encouraged and international laws introduced to control car ownership and use.To what extent do you agree or disagree?
步驟五:備實(shí)戰(zhàn)
最后,建議考生在備考時要充分利用《劍橋雅思官方系列真題》, 對其中涉及的議論文的各種題型要有全面地把握,了解寫作方法,熟悉出題思路。對于書中所提供的范文,考生要仔細(xì)研讀,從文章內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)和語言表達(dá)上加以分析和提煉,在自己寫作時加以借鑒,從而達(dá)到事半功倍的效果??忌惨鶕?jù)自己的情況科學(xué)規(guī)劃自己的復(fù)習(xí),除了《劍橋雅思官方系列真題》以外,還要仔細(xì)研究歷年的真題,將其分門別類,按照不同的題型來復(fù)習(xí),爭取早日取得理想成績。
2015 年2 月28 日: Some students take one year off between finishing school and going to university, in order to travel or to work. Do you think advantages outweigh disadvantages?
劍橋真題5 : In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this. (幾乎一模一樣)。