聊一聊世博會(huì)上各國自建的展館的看點(diǎn)以及S0M建筑事務(wù)所

今天的這段對話，在討論建筑，
 
聊一聊世博會(huì)上各國自建的展館的看點(diǎn)以及S0M建筑事務(wù)所
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A: Look at the Poland Pavilion. Do you feel its appearance looks like paper-cut？
 
快看波蘭館，你覺得它的外形像剪紙嗎？
 
B: Yes, it does. The main attractions at the World Exposition are the national pavilions, created by participating countries.
 
是啊。世博會(huì)最大的看點(diǎn)就是各國自建的展館。
 
A: Right. I like the China Pavilion. It is a sophisticated structure that has many traditional Chinese elements, including calligraphy, architecture, gardening and urban planning. Standing in the central location of the Exposition site at 63m tall, triple the height of any other pavilion, the structure surely will become fine exhibit for Shang Hai to present to the world.
 
對。我喜歡中國館。中國館是融含了書法、建筑、園藝和城市規(guī)劃等多種中國傳統(tǒng)元素的復(fù)雜建筑體。坐落在世博會(huì)場中心位置，63米高，是其他展館高度的三倍。中國館必定會(huì)成為上海展現(xiàn)結(jié)世界的一個(gè)建筑奇觀。
 
B: I heard that the main structure of the China Pavilion is called the “Crown of the Oriental”.
 
我聽說中國館的主體結(jié)構(gòu)叫做“東方之冠”。
 
A: Yes. It has an outstanding roof, made of traditional dougong or brackets, which has a history of more than 2,000 years.
 
對。它有造型獨(dú)特的屋頂，由擁有2000多年歷史的中國傳統(tǒng)的斗拱(托座）構(gòu)成。
 
B: What’s the feature of dougong style?
 
斗拱式樣的特征是什么？
 
A: The dougong style features wooden brackets fixed layer upon layer between the top of a column and a crossbeam. This unique structural component of interlocking wooden brackets is one of the most important elements in traditional China architecture. The function of dougong is to transfer the load from the horizontal member above to the vertical member below.
 
在立柱頂端和橫梁交接處固定的一層層木托座就是斗拱式樣的特征。這種木托座交錯(cuò)扣含而成的獨(dú)特構(gòu)件是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑最重要的元素之一。它的作用就是將上面橫梁的荷載傳遞到下面的柱身上。
 
B: You are so professional! How do you know so much about architecture?
 
你真的很專業(yè)！你怎么這么了解建筑？
 
A: My father was graduated from Yale School of Architecture 5". Maybe I'm influenced by him. I am also interested in architecture. Have you visited the Jin Mao Building?
 
因?yàn)槲野职之厴I(yè)于耶魯大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院。可能是受他的影響，我也對建筑感興趣。你參觀過金茂大廈了嗎？
 
B: Not yet.
 
還設(shè)有。
 
A: It is an 88-story landmark supertail skyscraper in the Lujiazui area of the Pudong district of Shanghai. It contains offices and the Shanghai Grand Hyatt hotel. It was designed by the Chicago office of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
 
金茂大廈是一座88層高的位于上海浦東區(qū)陸家嘴的地標(biāo)性摩天大廈，由美國芝加哥S0M建筑事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)。
 
B: I’ve heard the Chicago office of Skidmore, Owings &Merrill. It is one of the largest architectural firms in the world.
 
我聽說過S0M建筑事務(wù)所。它是世界上最大的建筑公司之一。
 
A: Yes. Their primary expertise is in high-end commercial buildings, as it was SOM that led the way to the widespread use of the modern intemational-style skyscraper. They have built several of the tallest buildings in the world, including the John Hancock Center，which is the second tallest in the world when built, Sears Tower, which is the tallest in the world for over twenty years, and so on. By the way, David Childs is the Consulting Design Partner at Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
 
對。他們的專長是建造中高檔商業(yè)樓宇。S0M建筑事務(wù)所引領(lǐng)了現(xiàn)代國際式摩天大樓的廣泛使用。他們建造了一些世界上最高的建筑樓宇，其中包括約翰漢考克中心，建造時(shí)是世界第二高樓，西爾斯大廈，20余年間都是世界第一高樓，以及其他建筑物。順便說下，戴維?蔡爾茲是S0M建筑事務(wù)所的咨詢設(shè)計(jì)含伙人。
 
B: OK. Tell me more about him.
 
我還想多了解一下戴維蔡爾茲。
 
A: He is a distinguished graduate from Yale School of Architecture. He has projects all over the world, such as Bertelsmann Building at Times Square and New York Mercantile Exchange
 
他是耶魯建筑學(xué)院的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生。在世界各地都有建筑項(xiàng)目，如位于時(shí)代廣場的貝塔斯曼大廈和紐約商品交易所。
 
B: It seems that you want to be an architect.
 
看來你想當(dāng)一名設(shè)計(jì)師。
 
A: Right. My dream is to be an architect. And now I’m applying to the Yale School of Architecture.
 
對。我的理想就是當(dāng)名設(shè)計(jì)師。我現(xiàn)在正在申請留學(xué)耶魯大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院。