"牛橋"是什么意思？為什么牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)會(huì)有這么多的共同之處呢

今天的這段對(duì)話，在討論牛橋，
 
"牛橋"是什么意思？為什么牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)會(huì)有這么多的共同之處呢
 
來(lái)聽(tīng)今天的講解:
 
A: Excuse me, would you please let me in?
 
打擾一下，可以讓我進(jìn)去嗎？
 
B: Ok!
 
好的！
 
After Lucy sit down, they chat with each other joyfully,
 
(露西入座后，他們聊得很投機(jī)。）
 
B: Hi, I’m Felix. Nice to meet you!
 
你好，我是菲利克斯。很高興認(rèn)識(shí)你！
 
A: Lucy, nice to meet you too!
 
我是露西，我也很局興認(rèn)識(shí)你！
 
B: Are you coming to Britain to have a trip?
 
你也是來(lái)英國(guó)旅游的嗎？
 
A: No, I’m going to France to have a trip! I was bom and grew up in Oxford, and found a job in London.
 
不，我是去法國(guó)旅游！我出生在牛津市，并在倫敦找到了工作。
 
B: Oxford? Great! I just have a question... I heard the word “Oxbridge” many times during my journey. I don’t quite understand. Could you explain it to me?
 
牛津市？棒極了！我正有個(gè)疑問(wèn)……在旅途中我多次聽(tīng)到了 "牛橋"這個(gè)詞。 我不是很明白它的意思。你可以給我講講嗎？
 
A: Certainly! “Oxford” is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, as they have a large number of similarities.
 
當(dāng)然可以！"牛橋”是牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)的混合詞，因?yàn)樗鼈冇泻芏嘞嗨浦帯?br />  
B: Yet why not “Camford”？
 
但為什么不是“劍津”呢？
 
A: Well, “Camford” is also used by people, but not so frequently.
 
“劍津”也被人們使用，只不過(guò)頻率不高而已。
 
B: I see. Why do the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge have so many common features?
 
我明白了。為什么牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)會(huì)有這么多的共同之處呢？
 
A: It relates to the history of the two universities. Actually, they share the same founders. The Cambridge University was established by the scholars taking refuge from Oxford in 1209, when there were severe riots between town and gown.
 
這就關(guān)系到兩校的歷史了。其實(shí)，它們有著共同的創(chuàng)建者。劍橋大學(xué)是由從牛津大學(xué)逃離的學(xué)者們于1209年建立的，那時(shí)城鎮(zhèn)里的居民和大學(xué)生之間發(fā)生了很?chē)?yán)重的暴力事件。
 
B: I just know both universities comprise lots of buildings of great beauty and antiquity，sited on level terrain near slow-moving rivers. What other similarities do they have?
 
我只知道兩校都有很多相當(dāng)漂亮而且古老的建筑，并且都建在小河旁邊的平地上。它們還有什么別的相似之處嗎？
 
A: So much! For instance, they have the similar collegiate structure, teaching system, approaches to undergraduate admissions, and so on. Both of them contain more than 30 self-governing colleges; both of them are in the special “supervision” or “tutorial” system; both of them have a long history of more than 800 years.
 
太多了！比如：它們有類(lèi)似的學(xué)院結(jié)構(gòu)、教育制度、本科生錄取機(jī)制等。它們都是由30多個(gè)自治的學(xué)院組成的，都釆用獨(dú)特的導(dǎo)師制，都有800多年的悠久歷史。
 
B: Though there are so many common features, differences also exist between the two universities, right?
 
雖然有這么多的共同點(diǎn)，但是這兩所大學(xué)之間也存在差異，對(duì)吧？
 
A: Yeah! Firstly, there are differences in the terminology used at the two universities. For example, the student activity room is often referred to as “Common Room” at Oxford, whereas in Cambridge it is sometimes “Combination Room"； the large enclosed squares of grass found in most colleges are referred to as “quadrangles” (or “quads”）in Oxford and “courts’，in Cambridge.
 
是的！首先，兩校的用語(yǔ)有很大的不同。例如：學(xué)生活動(dòng)室在牛津是“公用室”，到了劍橋就成了 “混合室”；牛津的內(nèi)院叫做方庭，劍橋叫做大院。
 
B: Oh! I also know that counselor is called “Tutor” at Oxford, while it is called “Supervisor” in Cambridge.
 
噢！我也知道一個(gè)，老師在牛津被稱(chēng)作"導(dǎo)師"，而在劍橋卻被稱(chēng)作"輔導(dǎo)老師”。
 
A: You’re right! They arrange examinations in a different way. Cambridge students generally sit examinations at the end of every year, while Oxford students only sit two sets of examinations in the first two years, and one at the end of their final year.
 
你說(shuō)得很對(duì)！它們?cè)诳荚嚢才欧矫嬉灿兴煌?。劍橋的學(xué)生們一般每年都要考試，而牛津的學(xué)生們僅僅在第一年有兩次考試，然后在最后一年的期末有一次考試。
 
B:Well, the differences seem to be very slight.
 
恩，起來(lái)這只是些很細(xì)微的不同之處?。?br />  
A: Absolutely, never forget that they are born in the same root.
 
絕對(duì)的，你別忘了它們本是同根生啊！
 
B: Aha! It's amazing! They just like twins!
 
啊哈！真有趣！它們簡(jiǎn)直就像是雙胞胎！
 
A: Yeah! It’s the case! Most Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, and some sister colleges are in the same name, such as Jesus College at Oxford and Jesus College at Cambridge. However, not all Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, because Oxford has more colleges than Cambridge.
 
是??！也可以這么說(shuō)丨大部分牛津?qū)W院在劍橋都有一個(gè)姐妹學(xué)院，而且一些姐妹學(xué)院有著同樣的名稱(chēng)，比如牛津大學(xué)耶穌學(xué)院和劍橋大學(xué)耶穌學(xué)院。但是，并不是所有的牛津?qū)W院在劍橋都有一個(gè)姐妹學(xué)院，因?yàn)榕＝虻膶W(xué)院要比劍橋的多。
 
B: Marvelous! It’s very nice to have a talk with you. I need to wet my whistle. I’m just going to grab a drink. Do you want one?
 
太神奮了！踉你聊天非常開(kāi)心。我想喝點(diǎn)東西。我現(xiàn)在去拿，你要嗎？
 
A: No! Thank you all the time!
 
不了！謝謝！
 
B: My pleasure!
 
別客氣！