2012高考英語(yǔ)模擬試題1

第二部分：閱讀理解(第一節(jié)20小題，第二節(jié)5小題;每小題2分，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。

A

Here are some of the world’s most impressive subways.

The Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesFeatures: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that compose Tokyo’s massive subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya--- literally, “pusher”--- who shove passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your commute is hell.

The Moscow Metro

Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers(枝形吊燈), marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美的壁畫(huà)). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden.

The Hong Kong Metro

Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores, supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card .

Shanghai Metro

Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.

The London

MetroFeatures: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”.

41. Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations?

A. The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B. The Moscow Metro

C. The London Metro D. The Hong Kong MTR

42. ________ is done with the purpose of making money.

A. The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B. The Moscow Metro

C. The London Metro D. The Hong Kong MTR

43. We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ________.

A. carries the most people each day

B. is the world’s largest

C. may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future

D. is the busiest in the world

44. How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

B

Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don’t break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.　It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.

In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly—buy it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man’s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!

Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man’s skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.

How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in this life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn’t died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.

45. Which language does the word “archaeology” come from?

A. French. B. Greek C. Roman. D. German。

46. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to _____.

A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects

47. Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?

A. Ice and low temperature B. Bacteria and oxygen

C. Soil and energy D. Acid and water

48. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. “Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him.

B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.

C. “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.

D. “Lindow Man” was good at manual work.

49. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. What Is Archaeology?

B. Archaeology and History

C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery

D. The Death of “Lindow Man”