2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [由此及彼]根據(jù)詞根含義推測(cè)同根詞的含義。
microbial a.微生物的→① microbiology n.
→② microbiologist n.
2. [望文生義]根據(jù)詞根和詞綴知識(shí)寫出下列單詞的含義。
① microbe n.(提示:be是bi的異體)
② microbian a.(提示:-an=of)
3. [同義相連]將左欄的單詞和右欄中相對(duì)應(yīng)的中文含義連接起來(lái)。
① bioclean a.生物地理學(xué)
② bioclimatolgy b.無(wú)菌的
③ bioelectricity c.生物氣候?qū)W
④ biogeography d.生物工藝學(xué)
⑤ biosphere e.生物電流
⑥ biotechnique f.生物圈
4. [尋根問(wèn)底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會(huì)其詞義的由來(lái)。
① amphibian n.兩棲動(dòng)物(或植物)
amphibious a.兩棲的(提示:amphi-=both)
② macrobian n.長(zhǎng)壽的人;
macrobiotics n.長(zhǎng)壽法(提示:macro-=great)
③ biotic a.生物的;生命的
④ biogenesis n.生源說(shuō)
⑤ biometrics n.生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)
biometrician n.生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家
⑥ bionomy n.生理學(xué);生態(tài)學(xué)
bionomics n.(個(gè)體)生態(tài)學(xué)(提示:nom=law)
⑦ epibiotic n.體外生的(提示:epi-=upon, out)
⑧ bioplasm n.原生質(zhì)
10. cad, cas, cid [L]=to fall, to befall降,降臨
cad,cas,cid是同源異形詞根,都源于拉丁動(dòng)詞cadere,意思相當(dāng)于to fall(降落)或to befall(降臨)。其中,cad 是不定式詞干,cas是動(dòng)名詞詞干,而cid是cadere的異體cidere的不定式詞干。這族同根詞的數(shù)量較大。
decadent [de-=down下;cad=to fall降;-ent a.=-ing表性質(zhì)→“falling down下降的”] a. falling down morally;falling into ruin墮落的;頹敗的:The Ching Empire had become decadent by that time.當(dāng)時(shí)清帝國(guó)已經(jīng)腐敗了。
▽decadence [de-;cad;-ence n.] n.衰落;頹廢
case [cas=to befall降臨;-e→“that which befalls降臨之事”→] n. event;condition事件;情況:a typical case典型事件
casual [cas=to befall降臨;-u-;-al a.=having the quality有……性質(zhì)的→“having the quality of befalling, or happening by chance帶有偶發(fā)性質(zhì)的”→] a.① not planned偶然的:a casual meeting巧遇 ② infor-mal非正式的:casual clothing便服
▽casualty [casual;-ty n.] n.事故的傷亡者
occasion [oc-(ob-)=in the way of在……面前;cas=to befall降臨;-ion n.=the state or result表狀態(tài)或結(jié)果→“that which befalls in one's way降臨在面前的事”→] n.① instance or case情況② favorable time, or opportunity時(shí)機(jī);機(jī)會(huì):as occasion serves一旦有適當(dāng)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)
▽occasional [occasion;-al a.] a.偶爾的
accident [ac-(ad-)=towards朝向;cid=to befall降臨;-ent n.=thing事→“thing that befalls towards a person朝著某人降臨的事”→] n. ①unexpected event意外的事;偶然的事:I met her quite by accident.我碰到她是很偶然的事。② unfortunate happening事故:traffic acci-dents交通事故
▽accidental [accident;-al a.] a.意外的;偶然的
incident [in-=on, upon在……上;cid=to befall發(fā)生;-ent n.=thing事→“thing that befalls on a particular person or happens at a particular time發(fā)生在某人身上或某個(gè)時(shí)刻的事”→] n. event, or occurence事件;事變:the July 7th Incident 七七事變
▽incidental [incident;-al a.] a.偶然的;伴隨的
incidence [in-;cid;-ence n.] n.發(fā)生;發(fā)生率
coincide [co-(com-)=together共同;in-=upon在……之上;cid=to befall降臨→“to befall upon together共同降臨在……之上”] v. ①happen at the same time or same place(時(shí)間、空間)恰好相合:My birthday coincides with yours. 我恰好和你同一天生日。② agree;correspond一致;符合:to coincide in opinion意見(jiàn)相符
▽coincident [coincid(e);-ent a.] a.同時(shí)發(fā)生的;一致的
deciduous [de-=off脫離;cid=to fall降;-u-;-ous a.=having the quality有……性質(zhì)的→] a. having the quality of falling off at a certain time定期脫落的:deciduous trees落葉林
occident [oc-(ob-)=down下;cid=to fall降落;-ent n.=thing connected with 表相關(guān)事物→“the direction towards which the heavenly bodies were supposed to fall down前人認(rèn)為的天體降落的方向”→] n.① the west西方② the western hemisphere西半球:the Occident亞洲以西的全部國(guó)家;歐洲;歐美
▽occidental [occident;-al a.] a.西方的
decay [de-=down下;cay(cad的變形)=to fall降→] v. fall down from a state of health and excellence;rot衰退;腐朽:The old man's teeth are all decayed.這老人的牙齒全壞了。
2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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