2021大學(xué)英語四級(jí)英語詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞義連接起來。
① occasionality a.使西化
② coincidence b.偶然性
③ occidentalize c.巧合
④ cadenced d.聲調(diào)抑揚(yáng)的
⑤ indeciduous e.常綠的
2. [由此及彼]
已知:在occident(西方)這個(gè)單詞中,詞根cid=to fall.
求:反義詞orient(東方)的詞根ori的含義是__________。
3. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會(huì)其詞義的由來。
① cascade n.瀑布
② cadence n.聲調(diào)的抑揚(yáng);節(jié)奏
③ casuist n.詭辯家
④ accidence n. [語]詞態(tài)變化;詞法
11. cap, capt, cept, ceive [L]=to take取
這是一組形態(tài)變化比較復(fù)雜,孳生能力又很強(qiáng)的詞根。cap來自拉丁動(dòng)詞capere,意為to take(?。?,capt,cept來自它的過去分詞。由于該族同根詞多由法語引入英語,因此又多了一個(gè)帶法語痕跡的變體ceive。先介紹幾個(gè)由cap,capt構(gòu)成的派生詞。
capable [cap=to take??;-able a.=able能……的→“able to take能取到的”→] a. able;talented有能力的;有才能的:capable teachers能干的教師
▽capability [capab(le);-ility n.] n.能力,才能,技能
capacious [cap=to take or hold取,抓;-acious (-ac +-ious) a.=having the nature有……性能的→“having the nature of holding能容納的”→] a. able to hold much容量大的:capacious stage寬敞的戲臺(tái)
▽capacity [cap;-ac;-ity n.] n.容量,容積;可容性,可能性
capture [capt=to take??;-ure n.=the result表結(jié)果→“the result of being taken or catched被奪取的結(jié)果”→]Ⅰn. person or thing seized俘虜,捕獲物:The lion became their capture.那只獅子成為他們的獵物。→Ⅱv. take as a prize by force捕獲:to capture butterflies with a net用網(wǎng)捕捉蝴蝶
▽capturer [captur(e);-er n.] n.捕獲者
capturable [captur(e);-able a.] a.可捕獲的
captive [capt=to take??;-ive a.=being...被……的→“being taken被抓的”→]Ⅰa. taken or made a prisoner被俘虜?shù)模篶aptive birds籠中之鳥→Ⅱ n. a person or animal captured俘虜;獵獲物:The captives were sold as slaves.俘虜被販賣為奴。
▽captivity [captiv(e) a.;-ity n.] n.囚虜;監(jiān)禁(期);羈絆
captivate [captiv(e) a.;-ate v.] v. [古]捕獲;迷惑,蠱惑
ceive用來構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞,其對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞和形容詞多由cept構(gòu)成。
receive [re-=back回;ceive=to take取→“to take back取回”→] v.① get or accept收到,收受:It is more blessed to give than to receive.施惠比收受更好。② allow to enter 容納,接待:to receive the guests warmly熱情接待客人
▽receiver [receiv(e);-er n.] n.收受者;聽筒;接收機(jī)
reception [re-;cept;-ion n.] n.接待;歡迎;接受,容納
receptive [re-;cept;-ive a.] a.能容納的;可接受的
deceive [de-=away離;ceive=to take取→“to take somebody away from what is true帶某人離開真相”→] v. cause to believe what is false欺騙,蒙蔽:Deceive boys with toys, but men with oaths.用玩具騙小孩,用誓言騙大人。
▽deceiver [deceiv(e);-er n.] n.欺騙者,騙子
deception [de-;cept;-ion n.] n.欺騙,蒙蔽;騙人的東西
deceptive [de-;cept;-ive a.] a.騙人的;容易使人上當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
conceive [con-=in入;ceive=to take取→“to take in取進(jìn),吸收”→] v.① become pregnant懷(胎):to conceive a child懷孕 ② form in the mind構(gòu)想,設(shè)想:I can't conceive why you said so.我想不出你為什么這樣說。
▽conceivable [conceiv(e);-able a.] a.可想到的,可想象的
conception [con-;cept;-ion n.] n.概念;構(gòu)想,設(shè)想;懷孕
conceptive [con-;cept;-ive a.] a.有構(gòu)想力的;構(gòu)想的
conceptual [con-;cept;-ual a.] a.概念的;概念藝術(shù)的
perceive [per-=thoroughly完全;ceive=to take or grasp 握→“to grasp thoroughly完全掌握”→] v. grasp through the senses感覺,察覺:She perceived a faint aroma.她聞出一種淡淡的香味。
▽perceivable [perceiv(e);-able a.] a.可感知的;有洞察力的
perception [per-;cept;-ion n.] n.感知,感覺;察覺
perceptive [per-;cept;-ive a.] a.感知的;有洞察力的
perceptual [per-;cept;-ual a.] a.感知的;[心]知覺的
perceptible [per-;cept;-ibe a.] a.可感知的;可察覺的
以下幾組同根詞均由cept構(gòu)成,請(qǐng)注意其構(gòu)詞規(guī)律。
except [ex-=out出;cept=to take取→“to take out取出,排除”→]Ⅰv. leave out or exclude把……除外:She was excepted from the short list.她被排除在首選名單之外。Ⅱprep. but not除……外:He works every day except Sunday.除了星期天,他天天干活。
▽exception [except v.;-ion n.] n.除外,例外;異議,反對(duì)
exceptive [except v.;-ive a.] a.例外的,除外的,特殊的
exceptious [except v.;-ious a.] a.好提異議的,喜歡反對(duì)的
incept [in-=in在……中;cept=to take取→“to take in hand取在手中”→] v.① begin開始:The party incepted 80 years ago.該黨成立于80年前。② complete the taking of a degree取得學(xué)位:to incept one's MA取得碩士學(xué)位
▽inception [incept;-ion n.] n.開始,初期;學(xué)位授予典禮
inceptive [incept;-ive a.] a.開始的,最初的
intercept [inter-=between在……之間;cept=to take取→“to take between在中途取得”→] v. seize or stop on the way攔截,截住:The drug shipment was intercepted at the airport.那批毒品在機(jī)場被截獲了。
▽interception [intercept;-ion n.] n.攔截;截?fù)簦桓`聽
precept [pre-=before在……之前;cept=to take取→“words taken before an action行動(dòng)前應(yīng)記取的話”→] n. a rule of action or behaviour;maxim規(guī)矩,戒律;箴言:Example is better than precept.身教重于言傳。
▽perceptive [per-;cept;-ive a.] a.規(guī)誡的,訓(xùn)誡的;規(guī)定的
susceptible [sus-(sub-)=(up from) under自下而上;cept=to take取;-ible=able to be可被……的→“able to be taken up可被占取的”→] a.①easily affected by易受影響的:He is susceptible to suggestion.他沒有主見。②easily influenced by feelings易受感動(dòng)的,多情的:susceptible girls多情少女
▽susceptibility [susceptib(le);-ility n.] n.敏感性;多情
hypersusceptible [hyper-;susceptible a.] a.過敏的
cap還有一個(gè)異體cip,以下是cip的幾個(gè)主要的派生詞。
anticipate [anti-(ante-)=before前;cip=to take?。?ate v.→“to take before or realize before先取,先實(shí)現(xiàn)”→] v.① do before others do先于……做成:The Chinese anticipated the European in discovery of gunpowder.中國人在歐洲人之前發(fā)現(xiàn)了火藥。② consider in advance預(yù)先考慮,預(yù)見:Our hotel anticipates your every need.本賓館預(yù)先考慮到您的各種需要。③ expect期望,期待:We anticipate a good time at the party.我們期待著晚會(huì)上的愉快時(shí)光。
▽anticipation [anticipat(e);-ion n.] n.期望;預(yù)期;先發(fā)制人
anticipative [anticipat(e);-ive a.] a.預(yù)期的;先發(fā)制人的
principal [prin=first首位;cip=to take?。?al a.=of……的→“of taking first占取首位的”→]Ⅰa. most important;chief首要的;主要的:principal city首府→Ⅱ n. the chief person or head首長:the principal of school校長
participate [part=part份兒,角色;-i-;cip=to take取;-ate v.→] v. take part or partake參加,參與:The teacher participated in the chil-dren's games.教師參加了孩子們的游戲。
▽participation [participat(e);-ion n.] n.參與,參加;分享
participator [participat(e);-or n.] n.參與者;分享者
emancipate [e-(ex-)=out出;man=hand手;cip=take取;-ate v.→“to take out of one's hand從某人手中取出”→] v. set free or release解放,使不受束縛:Lincoln emancipated the slaves on Jan. 1st, 1863.林肯于1863年1月1日解放了奴隸。
▽emancipation [emancipat(e);-ion n.] n.解放;無拘束
emancipator [emancipat(e);-or n.] n.解放者
2021大學(xué)英語四級(jí)英語詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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