四級考試翻譯練習(xí)(二)

       1. _______________ (隨著工商業(yè)的發(fā)展),the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.

　　2. Travel can widen our knowledge, _____________ (擴(kuò)大我們的眼界),and make one open-minded as well.

　　3. Cars are responsible for most of the smog in cities, _______________ (這已經(jīng)對環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的污染).

　　4.Modernization will be entirely possible in the first half of the 21st century, as long as we ________________(堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為)that economic development is the center of all our work.

　　5. He was convinced on the basis of ____________(當(dāng)時(shí)已出現(xiàn)的情況)that there would be a long and difficult struggle.

　　1. With industries and business developing quickly

　　解析：本句意為：隨著工商業(yè)的發(fā)展，許多大城市的樹木數(shù)量正急劇減少。"隨著......"要用介詞with或along with。"工商業(yè)"既包括工業(yè)也包括商業(yè)，翻譯時(shí)要注意譯文的完整性。本句也可譯成：With the quick development of industries and business.

　　2. broaden our horizon

　　解析：句中的短語widen our knowledge意思是"擴(kuò)大我們的眼界"，make one open-minded是同義復(fù)指，它們表示相同的意思卻在英語里使用不同的表達(dá)，以避免用詞重復(fù)。這是英語行文的一個(gè)技巧，考生在翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免 wordiness(用詞累贅)，這個(gè)技巧在寫六級作文時(shí)也值得借鑒。本句還可以譯成：expand our vision或extend our sight.

　　3. which has seriously polluted the environment

　　解析："這已經(jīng)對環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的污染"中的"這"顯然是指前半句提到的the smog in cities，這里需要的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明城市煙霧對環(huán)境的影響。本句還可以譯成：which has brought serious pollution to the environment。

　　4. hold an idea/ insist on the idea/ stick to the idea

　　解析：本句意為：只要我們堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，那么在21世紀(jì)上半葉實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化是完全可能的。本題考查固定短語"堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為"的說法。除了答案提供的說法外還有以下說法大家可以參考：persist in the idea/ persevere in the idea/ adhere to the idea等。

　　5. what had appeared by then

　　解析："情況"在這里沒必要直譯成situation或case，本句含義是指基于當(dāng)時(shí)的情況使他確信，因而可以用what引導(dǎo)作basis后置定語。還有一點(diǎn)需要注意的是，"當(dāng)時(shí)已出現(xiàn)"要求我們在翻譯時(shí)準(zhǔn)確選擇時(shí)態(tài)。by then與過去完成時(shí)態(tài)想一致，也可以用at that time。