大學(xué)英語四級翻譯必備經(jīng)典句型(3)

　　第一步：經(jīng)典句型展示

　　1. They say that she is a movie star. 據(jù)說她是個電影明星。

　　【分析】 they say… = it is said that，表示“據(jù)說…的”意思。其中they = people, I heard 也表示相同意思。

　　2. This is the reason why he became so involved in the suicide case. 他因為這個原因而卷入那個自殺案。

　　【分析】① This is the reason why=this is…表示“這就是為什么的原因”，“因為這個原因而…”的意思，why是一個關(guān)系副詞。② This is the way how…=thus，與this is the reason why類似的句型，表示“因此而…”的意思，先行詞the way與the reason一樣也可以省略。

　　3. The plane flew higher and higher, till at last it disappeared from my sight. 飛機(jī)飛得越來越高，并終于從我的視線中消失。

　　【分析】…, till (will) at last…=…, and at last…，表示“…終于…”的意思。一般來說，在till的前面，通常會有逗號將其分開。

　　4. He grabbed at straws but he could not reach it. 他想抓住救命稻草，但夠不著。

　　【分析】to grab at straws表示的是“抓住救命稻草”，它也可以引用為“(為脫險)求助了任何救急辦法”的意思。To grab at straws= to grasp reach for straws.

　　5. To my great surprise, he played the piano well. 令人感到驚訝的是，他鋼琴彈得很棒。

　　【分析】to one’s surprise=to the surprise of…是表示“令人感到驚訝的是…”的意思。類似的句型有：to one’s joy令人感到高興的是，to one’s sorrow令人感到悲哀的是，to one’s satisfaction令人感到滿意的是，to one’s disappointment令人感到失望的是。

　　第二步：練習(xí)與進(jìn)步

　　A. 翻譯

　　1. 據(jù)說，人類是生物學(xué)上最無法歸類的物種，因為人類擁有其他天然物種所缺少的特性。

　　2. 據(jù)說，美國人于1787年制定的“聯(lián)邦條款”是為當(dāng)時政府運(yùn)作提供的一個模式。

　　3. 這就是為什么他不想接受這個事實的原因。

　　4. 我因此而辭掉了在那家公司的工作。

　　5. 他們的言辭爭論著，漸漸地，他們變得激動，終于其中有一個做出了魯莽的行動。

　　6. 令所有出席的人都感到驚訝的是，這位英雄忽然不見了。

　　7. 當(dāng)我剛好六歲半的時候，某個早上，孩子們正在吃早餐時，被告知不準(zhǔn)再到處亂跑，當(dāng)時大家都很驚慌。

　　8. 像所有政客一要，他說他要為人民做好事，可是我懷疑他是另有個人的打算。

　　9. 依我看來，你在你媽媽面前表現(xiàn)得太無禮了。

　　10. 她的新的夜禮服是巴黎時裝中最新潮的。

　　【參考答案】

　　1. They say that man is the least biologically determined species of all because he possesses features absent in other natural species.

　　2. I heard that the Americans drew up their “Articles of Confederation” in 1781 in order to provide a working form of government.

　　3. This is the reason why he did not want to accept the fact.

　　4. This is the way I resigned from the job in that company.

　　5. They argued with hot words and gradually they got excited, until at last one of them resorted to reckless measures.

　　6. To the surprise of all present, the hero was gone.

　　7. I was just about half-way through my sixth year when one morning at breakfast we children were informed to our utter dismay that we could no longer be permitted to run absolutely wild.

　　8. Like all politicians, he says he wants to do good for people, but I think he has an axe to grind.

　　9. From my perspective, I think you behaved rudely before your mom.

　　10. Her new evening dress is the last word in Paris fashion.

　　B. 改錯

　　1. It is say that she is a movie star.

　　2. They tell that there will be a heavy storm tomorrow.

　　3. This is the way which I saw the results.

　　4. This is the reason that why she could not receive a normal

　　school education.

　　5. After suffering from the hurt, at finally he stood up and

　　decided to start from the very beginning.

　　6. He ran faster and faster, till last he reached the destination first.

　　7. The poor man was simply just reaching into straws when he

　　took his dying wife to another doctor.

　　8. She walked fast, till at last she caught up the train on time.

　　9. To the surprise, the taste was not as he had imagined it.

　　10. To the joy by his mother, he won first prize.

　　【參考答案】

　　1. say―said 2. tell―say 3. which―that 4. 去掉why

　　5. finally―last 6. till后加at 7. into―at 8. up后加to

　　9. the―his 10. by―of

　　第三步：偉人偉招

　　1. If there were less sympathy in the world, there would be less trouble in the world. (O. Wilde)

　　如果世界上少一些同情，世界上也就會少一些麻煩。(王爾德)

　　【點評】“if there were less/more…, there would be less/more….”是一個虛擬語氣句型，在四級里面用一下可以給你的文章增色不少。

　　2. The most exhausting thing in life is being insincere. (A. M. Lindbergh)

　　生活中最使人筋疲力盡的事是弄虛作假。(林德伯格)

　　【點評】“the most exhausting / terrible thing is …”句型要掌握。我們再進(jìn)一步學(xué)兩個常用的最高級句型：

　　…the + ~est +n.+ (that) +S.+ have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc)

　　…the most+ adj. +n.+ (that) +S.+ have ever + seen (known/heard/ had/read, etc)

　　Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

　　海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。

　　Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

　　常老師是我曾經(jīng)遇到的最仁慈的教師。

　　3. It is discouraging to think how many people are shocked by honesty and how few by deceit. (N. Coward)

　　令人沮喪的是，有那么多人對誠實感到吃驚，而對欺騙感到吃驚的人卻那么的

　　少。(科沃德)

　　【點評】對什么現(xiàn)象和觀點不滿或者不同意時，可以使用，是加分句型。

　　第四步：實踐與提高

　　補(bǔ)充練習(xí)：將下列句子翻成漢語，注意總結(jié)句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　1. Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance, we cast our nets forward.(面向未來)

　　2. It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism.

　　3. Even these days, when not all progress seems positive (nuclear weapons, air pollution, unemployment, etc.), the belief remains that for every problem there is a rational solution.

　　4. The job of parents is to give children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.

　　5. What deference people in authority do command is based on their actual powers rather than on their age, wisdom, or dignity.