大學(xué)英語四級翻譯必備經(jīng)典句型(4)

　　第一步：經(jīng)典句型展示

　　1. He is the wisest infant that ever lived. 他是個前所未見的聰明的小嬰孩。

　　【分析】“the wisest man that ever live”是從最高級+that ever的結(jié)果強化出來的，表示“之前所活的最聰明的人”，即“前所未見的聰明人”的意思。

　　2. There were two persons coming toward me: the former was my uncle, the latter was my father. 有兩個人朝我走過來，前面的是我叔叔，后面的是我父親。

　　【分析】①“the former…the latter …”是表示“前者…后者…”的意思。②“the one…the other…”可以表示“相近”的意思。③“this…that…”同樣表示“相近”的意思，即“前者…后者…”，但這時候this…that…的順序是相反，請?zhí)貏e留意。

　　3. She is the last person to leave her parents. 她是個絕不離開她父母的人。

　　【分析】“the last man+動詞不定式”，表示“絕不…的人”的意思。動詞不定式有時可以用that引導(dǎo)的從句來代替。

　　4. The moment you understand this, you will only have further difficulties. 只要你一了解這規(guī)則，就不會有困難。

　　【分析】① the moment=as soon as，表示“一…就…”的意思，它起到一個連接詞的作用，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。the instant也具有相同的用法。② immediately、directly等副詞，也同樣是一個用來表示“…就…”的連接詞。

　　5. The nearer the dawn, the darker the night. 越接近黎明，夜就越黑。

　　【分析】the more…the more…，是一個“the +比較級…the +比較級…”的句型，表示“愈…就愈…”的意思，注意：這時的the不是定冠詞，而是一種副詞。

　　第二步：練習(xí)與進步

　　A. 翻譯

　　1. 他是個我所見過的最固執(zhí)己見的人。

　　2. 乘火車旅行比乘飛機旅行更便宜且更有趣，因此大多數(shù)人喜歡選擇前者更勝于后者。

　　3. 娛樂與工作對我們的健康都很必要，前者讓我們得以放松，后者則給我們的活力。

　　4. 對于這件事，我的父親是絕對不會考慮的。

　　5. 只要你一踏進“事實”的世界，你就踏進了“限度”的世界。

　　6. 知道并不表示智慧，許多人知道不少事情，結(jié)果卻反而更笨。

　　7. 一個人如果沒有足夠的見識，知道得越多，對他反而越壞。

　　8. 新聞記者是個絕對不會說廣告無效的人。

　　9. 人們對自己的世界所知愈少，就對自己周圍的事愈無法控制與了解。

　　【參考答案】

　　1. He is the most persistent man I have ever seen.

　　2. Traveling by train is cheaper and more interesting than traveling by air, therefore most people prefer the former over the latter.

　　3. Amusement and work are both necessary to our health; the former can give us relaxation and the latter can give us energy.

　　4. My father was the last man to take into consideration issues concerning this matter.

　　5. The moment you step into the world of facts, you step into the world of limits.

　　6. To know is not to be wise. Many men know a great deal, and are all the greater fools for it.

　　7. If one hasn’t got plenty of common sense, the more science he has, the worse for him.

　　8. A journalist would be the last person to say that there is not any virtue in advertisement.

　　9. The less man knew about his world, the less subject to his control or understanding were the events which surrounded him.

　　B. 改錯

　　1. This is the larger elephant that I have ever seen.

　　2. He is bravest person that I have ever encountered.

　　3. Tom and Betty went to school. One arrived at seven o’clock

　　and another arrived at half past seven.

　　4. Health is above wealth, for it can give as much happiness.

　　5. We were last people to approve the opinion.

　　6. He is the last person that I expected to see.

　　7. As soon it turns red, it will become edible.

　　8. That moment you get in, nothing can hit you.

　　9. The hard the conflict, the more glorious the triumph.

　　10. The more we study, the many we discover our ignoramus.

　　【參考答案】

　　1. larger―largest 2. is―is the 3. another―the other 4. for it―for nothing.

　　5. last―the last 6. is―was 7. As soon―As soon as

　　8. That moment―The moment 9. hard―harder 10. the many―the more

　　第三步：偉人偉招

　　1. 力劈華山式

　　I’ve never any pity for conceited people, because I think they carry their comfort about with them. (George Eliot )

　　我從不憐惜自負(fù)的人們，因為我覺得他們無處不能自我安慰。(艾略特)

　　【點評】該句型用來直接表達自己的觀點再好不過。

　　2. 最好最壞式

　　The worst tragedy for a poet is to be admired through being misunderstood. (J. Cocteau)

　　對于詩人來說，最大的悲劇莫過于由于誤解而受到欽佩。(科克托)

　　【點評】“the + bestworstmost effective waymeasure is to…”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合該句學(xué)習(xí)。

　　3. 少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲式

　　If you do not learn to think when you are young, you may never learn. (Edison)

　　如果你年輕時不學(xué)會思考，那就永遠(yuǎn)不會。(愛迪生)

　　【點評】這是個很好的警告別人、指出危害的句型。

　　看到各位大師的作品后，長江后浪推前浪，我們再加強學(xué)習(xí)9個簡單實用的句型。

　?、?Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V.(養(yǎng)成…的習(xí)慣)

　　We should get into the habit of keeping good hours. 我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。

　?、?Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + n./Ving, …(因為…)

　　Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

　　因為他的鼓勵，我終于實現(xiàn)我的夢想。

　　③ For the past + 時間，S. + 現(xiàn)在完成式…(過去…年來，…一直…)

　　For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

　　過去兩年來，我一直忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。

　?、?be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V.(不得不…)

　　Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運動。

　?、?It is time + S. + 過去式(該是…的時候了)

　　It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

　　該是有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題的時候了。

　?、?By +Ving, …can…(借著…，…能夠…)

　　By exercising, we can always stay healthy.

　　借著做運動，我們能夠始終保持健康。

　?、?…enable + Object(受詞)+ to + V.(…使…能夠…)

　　Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。

　?、?There is no doubt that + 句子…(毫無疑問地…)

　　There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

　　毫無疑問地，我們的教育制度令人不滿意。

　　或者：There is no denying that + S. + V.…(不可否認(rèn)地…)

　　There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

　　不可否認(rèn)地，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。

　　⑨ …cannot emphasize the importance of…too much. (再怎么強調(diào)…的重要性也不為過。)

　　We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

　　我們再怎么強調(diào)保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。

　　第四步：實踐與提高

　　補充練習(xí)：將下列句子翻成漢語，注意總結(jié)句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　1. In a society that changes as fast as ours, experience simply does not have the value that it does in more stagnant societies.

　　2. It has taken a long time to convince the public that free enterprise does not mean that a company should be free to pollute the air, foul the rivers, and destroy the forests. 　　　　3. Equipped with the money, one can acquire the taste, style, and ideas that mark each class and launch a quick ascent of the social ladder.

　　4. No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.

　　5. As the case illustrates, competition takes four general forms: …