2016年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)：文明古國

　　中國是世界上最古老的文明之一，有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。中國在夏朝時(shí)開始進(jìn)入了文明時(shí)代，創(chuàng)造了輝煌的科技和文化。指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)是中國古代的四大發(fā)明，對(duì)世界文明和人類的進(jìn)步做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)。中國的絲綢之路(the Silk Road)—世界上最古老的貿(mào)易通道—極大地促進(jìn)了東西方文化的交流。長城、京杭大運(yùn)河(grandcanal)被譽(yù)為世界工程奇跡。此外，中國有著豐富多彩的傳統(tǒng)文化和民間藝術(shù)，例如京劇、剪紙、風(fēng)箏、刺繡(embroidery)、皮影戲(shadow play)等。

　　參考翻譯:

　　As one of the oldest civilizations of the world, Chinahas a long history and brilliant culture. Afterentering the era of civilization in the Xia Dynasty,China created glorious science and culture. Thecompass, gunpowder, paper-making and printingare considered to be the four great inventions of ancient China, which have contributedimmensely to the civilization of the world and the progress of mankind. The Silk Road of China,the oldest trade route in the world, largely promoted the cultural exchange between the Eastand the West. The Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are honored as theengineering wonders in the world. Besides, China has colorful traditional culture and folk artssuch as Beijing Opera, paper-cutting, kite, embroidery and shadow play.

　　1.第一個(gè)句子的主語是“中國”，后面跟著兩個(gè)并列的謂語“是”和“有著”，翻譯時(shí)可將“中國有著悠久的歷史…”譯為主句，將“是…之一”譯為“as+名詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)，即as one ofthe...，放在句首。

　　2.第二句的主干可理解為“中國創(chuàng)造了…”;將“中國在夏朝時(shí)開始進(jìn)入了文明時(shí)代”作為時(shí)間狀語處理，采用“after+動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)，譯為After entering the era ofcivilization in the Xia Dynasty。

　　3.翻譯“指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)是…”這句話時(shí)，可使用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句來說明四大發(fā)明的貢獻(xiàn)。

　　4.翻譯“長城、京杭大運(yùn)河被譽(yù)為世界工程奇跡”時(shí)需使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，“被譽(yù)為…”可譯作be honored as...,bepraised as...,be known as...。