氣候報告稱，食物將會變得稀缺、昂貴和缺乏營養(yǎng)

氣候報告稱，食物將會變得稀缺、昂貴和缺乏營養(yǎng)

Food will become scarcer, grocery prices will spike and crops will lose their nutritional value due to the climate crisis, according to a major report on land use from the United Nation's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released Thursday.

根據(jù)聯(lián)合國政府間氣候變化專門委員會周四發(fā)布的一份關(guān)于土地利用的主要報告，由于氣候危機，糧食將變得更加稀缺，雜貨價格將會飆升，農(nóng)作物將失去營養(yǎng)價值。

The climate crisis will also change what kinds of crops farmers can grow. Some climates will become too hot for what farmers are growing now. Some climates will see more flooding, more snow, more moisture in the air, which will also limit what can be grown.

氣候危機也將改變農(nóng)民可以種植的作物種類。有些氣候?qū)⒆兊锰珶?，不適合農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在種植的作物。一些氣候?qū)A(yù)見更多的洪水，更多的雪，空氣中更多的水分，這也會限制可以生長的東西。

"The window is closing rapidly to have lower emissions and to keep warming to less than 2 degrees.That is the key message of this report," said one of the report's authors, Pamela McElwee, an associate professor of human ecology in the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences at Rutgers University.

羅格斯大學(xué)環(huán)境與生物科學(xué)學(xué)院人類生態(tài)學(xué)副教授帕梅拉·麥克爾韋 表示：“窗口正在迅速關(guān)閉，以降低排放，并將氣溫保持在2攝氏度以下。這是這份報告的關(guān)鍵信息。”該報告的作者之一帕梅拉·麥克爾韋是羅格斯大學(xué)環(huán)境與生物科學(xué)學(xué)院的人類生態(tài)學(xué)副教授。

The report found that food nutrition could also decline. Wheat grown at high carbon dioxide levels, for example, will offer 6-13% less protein, 4-7% less zinc and 5-8% less iron, according to experiments done with these plants.

報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，食物營養(yǎng)也可能下降。例如，根據(jù)對這些植物的實驗，在高二氧化碳水平下種植的小麥，蛋白質(zhì)含量將減少6-13%，鋅含量將減少4-7%，鐵含量將減少5-8%。

"We are studying how this would translate into the food we eat and also in a range of different crops, we are seeing similar results," said one of the report's authors, Cynthia Rosenzweig, a senior research scientist at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, where she heads the Climate Impacts Group.

該報告的作者之一辛西婭·羅森茨韋格(Cynthia Rosenzweig)說，“我們正在研究這將如何轉(zhuǎn)化為我們吃的食物，以及一系列不同的農(nóng)作物，我們看到了類似的結(jié)果。”她是NASA戈達(dá)德太空研究所的高級研究科學(xué)家，負(fù)責(zé)氣候影響小組。

Given that extreme events like the summer's heat wave in Europe are increasing in magnitude and intensity, food systems are already showing some strain, she said.

她說，鑒于像歐洲夏季熱浪這樣的極端事件在規(guī)模和強度上都在增加，食品系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)顯示出一些壓力。

Undernourishment has long been a concern of scientists who watch the climate crisis closely.

營養(yǎng)不良一直是密切關(guān)注氣候危機的科學(xué)家們關(guān)注的問題。

When you don't have enough to eat it reduces your ability to function physically. It can diminish your ability to think clearly. It puts you at a greater risk for chronic disease and death, studies show.

當(dāng)你沒有足夠的食物時，它會降低你身體機能的能力。它會削弱你清晰思考的能力。研究表明，它會讓你面臨更大的慢性病和死亡風(fēng)險。

While still too many people don't have enough to eat, the world had been making progress in this area. In the 1990s, 1.01 billion people were thought not to have enough to eat. By 2015 it was 80.5 million, or about 11% of the global population, according to the US Department of Agriculture.

雖然仍然有太多的人沒有足夠的食物，但世界在這方面已經(jīng)取得了進展。在20世紀(jì)90年代，10.1億人被認(rèn)為沒有足夠的食物。根據(jù)美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的數(shù)據(jù)，到2015年，這一數(shù)字為8050萬，約占全球人口的11%。

The climate crisis could reverse this progress.

氣候危機可能會逆轉(zhuǎn)這一進展。

A study published in May that looked at the production of the top 10 global crops -- barley, cassava, maize, oil palm, rapeseed, rice, sorghum, soybean, sugarcane and wheat -- found that because of the climate crisis, the world has already seen a reduction of 35 trillion calories every year. That equates to about 1% of food calories lost each year.

今年5月發(fā)表的一項研究了全球前十大作物-大麥、木薯、玉米、油棕櫚、油菜籽、水稻、高粱、大豆、甘蔗和小麥的產(chǎn)量-發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于氣候危機，全世界每年已經(jīng)減少了35萬億卡路里。這相當(dāng)于每年損失的食物卡路里的1%。

"That means you are removing food calories for about 50 million people," said study author Deepak Ray, a senior scientist with the Institute on the Environment's Global Landscapes Initiative with the University of Minnesota. "Maybe in the future we will see even more lost, unless we prepare for it and draw down the carbon emissions."

“這意味著你正在為大約5000萬人消除食物卡路里，”研究作者、明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)環(huán)境研究所全球景觀倡議的資深科學(xué)家迪帕克·雷說。“也許將來我們會看到更多的損失，除非我們做好準(zhǔn)備，減少碳排放。”