英語四級語法備戰(zhàn)-should用法詳解

      九 . “ should have + - ed 分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)用來表達(dá)下述意義：

　　1. 表示“應(yīng)該已經(jīng)……”，“本來應(yīng)該……”，即過去該做某事但實(shí)際沒有做，其否定式“ shouldn't have + - ed 分詞”意為“本來不應(yīng)該……”。例如：

　　These cells should have been kept in somedry places. 這些電池本來應(yīng)該放（保存）在干燥的地方。（但實(shí)際上沒有把它們放在干燥的地方。）

　　You shouldn't have dept those cells in the damp place. 你本來不該把那些電池放在潮濕的地方。（但實(shí)際上已經(jīng)把它們放到潮濕的地方了。）

　　2. 表示“（估計(jì)）應(yīng)該已經(jīng)……”，“大概已經(jīng)……”，即對過去情況的推測。例如：

　　They left at nine， so they should have arrived （= probably have arrived） home by now.

　　他們是九點(diǎn)鐘走的，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該已經(jīng)到家了。

　　They should have finished their work， for they began to do it so early.

　　他們很早就開始工作，現(xiàn)在大概已經(jīng)干完了。

　　3. 意為“竟然已經(jīng)……”，“居然已經(jīng)……”，即表示說話人對已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的事態(tài)感到“驚奇、驚喜、懷疑”。例如：

　　I'm surprised that he should have been so foolish. 我很奇怪，他竟然會(huì)這么傻。

　　I'm amazed that Mr Harris should have said nothing about the matter.

　　這件事，哈里斯先生竟然只字未提，對此我大為驚異。

　　It is wonderful that you should have achieved so much these years.

　　這幾年你竟然取得如此大的成就，你真了不起。

　　此外， should 還可以出現(xiàn)在“ should be doing sth ”或“ should have been doing sth ”等句式中，表示“應(yīng)該正在……”或表示說話人的某種不滿情緒。例如：

　　Why should we be sitting here doing nothing？ 我們干嘛坐在這里閑著？

　　You should be wearing a mask. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)戴著口罩。

　　She shouldn't be working like that. She is still so weak.

　　她不應(yīng)當(dāng)那樣干。她身體還很虛弱。

　　You should have been waiting for us. Why haven't you？ 你應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)戎覀兊?。怎么沒有等？