外國(guó)人最想和你聊的時(shí)事話題：金融危機(jī)

　What is financial crisis　什么是金融危機(jī)

     During the last several years we have witnessed one of the most trying times for financial markets in several decades, perhaps since the 1930's Great Depression. The global financial crisis which originated on Wall Street's subprime mortgage lending crisis in the US has swept the world, and gradually spread into other markets and countries through a combination of market failures and regulatory weaknesses. This socalled "financial tsunami" or "financial turmoil" has attracted world's attention, not only economists, policymakers and businessman, but also every ordinary people, because a global financial meltdown will affect the livelihoods of almost everyone in an increasingly inter-connected world.
     The global financial crisis, brewing for a while, really started to show its effects in the middle of 2007 and into 2008. Around the world stock markets have fallen, large financial institutions have collapsed or been bought out, and governments in even the wealthiest nations have had to come up with rescue packages to bail out their financial systems. At this special time many people tend to make a comparison between this global financial crisis and 1930s Great Depression. The Great Depression set off by the US stock market crash in 1929 dragged on through the 1930s. I believe anyone will deny that the current financial crisis is the biggest in scale that the world has experienced since then. Unlike at the time of the Great Depression, when governments were slow to take countermeasures, this time the financial authorities of the wealthiest nations such as Japan, the United States, and Europe have came up with rescue packages by injecting liquidity, providing guarantees, dealing with troubled assets and recapitalizing the banking system to bail out their financial systems This seems to have worked for now, causing the situation to become somewhat calmer. The chances of another 1930sstyle Great Depression are small. But stock prices continue to move up and down violently, and the world is at the brink of falling into a "lost decade" if matters are mishandled in the period lying ahead.
     In China, major economic indicators showed the country's real economy has been battered by the global financial turmoil. The thirdquarter economic growth rate slowed to 9 percent, the slowest pace in recent five years, and down from 10.6 percent in the first quarter of this year. Worldwide demand for the Chinese exports has already decreased, leading to a stall in domestic industrial production. Many export-oriented factories have shut down, leaving massive numbers of workers jobless.
     With the deepening of the global financial crisis over the past months, the government has taken flexible and prudent macro-economic policies to deal with the complex and changing situation. These 10 moves are expected to have positive effects China's long-term economic development. At the same time, this stimulus package also provides a good opportunity to China to realize the reform of its economic growth model from one reliant on exports to one driven by domestic demand. China's previous growth model-based on intensive resource use, environmental degradation and cheap labor-cannot lead to further economic development.
     金融危機(jī)(financial crisis)又稱金融風(fēng)暴，是指一個(gè)國(guó)家或幾個(gè)國(guó)家與地區(qū)的全部或大部分金融指標(biāo)(financial index)，例如短期利率(short-term interest rate)，貨幣資產(chǎn)(monetary assets)，證劵(security)，房地產(chǎn)(real estate)，土地（價(jià)格），商業(yè)破產(chǎn)數(shù)和金融機(jī)構(gòu)(financial institution)倒閉數(shù)的急劇、短暫和超周期惡化。金融危機(jī)可以分為貨幣危機(jī)(monetary crisis)、債務(wù)危機(jī)(debt crisis)、銀行危機(jī)等類型。近年來(lái)金融危機(jī)呈現(xiàn)多種形式混合的趨勢(shì)。
     金融危機(jī)的特征是人們基于經(jīng)濟(jì)未來(lái)將更加悲觀的預(yù)期(anticipation)，整個(gè)區(qū)域內(nèi)貨幣幣值出現(xiàn)較大幅度的貶值(depreciation)，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量(economic aggregate)與經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模出現(xiàn)較大幅度的縮減，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)受到打擊，往往伴隨著企業(yè)大量倒閉，失業(yè)率(unemployment rate)提高，社會(huì)普遍的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條(economic depression)，有時(shí)候甚至伴隨著社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩或國(guó)家政治層面的動(dòng)蕩。

     We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
     我們?cè)诮鹑谖C(jī)中損失慘重。
     A typical financial crisis can be divided into several stages.
     一個(gè)典型的金融危機(jī)可以分為幾個(gè)階段。
     This financial crisis has brought new factors into play.
     這次金融危機(jī)引發(fā)新的因素起了作用。
     People meet high in the sky to discuss what kind of city New York is, which may be possible suffer financial crisis.
     人們?cè)谀μ齑髽抢镎務(wù)摽赡艹霈F(xiàn)金融危機(jī)的這個(gè)紐約究竟是一座什么樣的城市。
     I was not able to fix the Asia financial crisis.
     我沒(méi)法扭轉(zhuǎn)亞洲金融危機(jī)。
     The impact of Southeast Asia's financial crisis should not be underestimated.
     東南亞金融危機(jī)的影響不可低估。
     The financial crisis in Asia has been painful to us all.
     亞洲金融危機(jī)的確使我們承受痛苦。
     Faced with the shocks of the Asian financial crisis, China has committed to non-devaluation of the RMB exchange rate.
     面對(duì)亞洲金融危機(jī)的沖擊，中國(guó)一直保持人民幣匯率不貶值。
     The analysis of Asian financial crisis and its enlightenment.
     亞洲金融危機(jī)的分析與啟迪。
     A Comparison between financial crises in Mexico and Thailand.
     墨西哥與泰國(guó)金融危機(jī)的比較。
     During the monetary crisis, several European bankers rallied to the support of the pound.
     貨幣危機(jī)中，幾個(gè)歐洲銀行家聯(lián)手幫助英鎊渡過(guò)危機(jī)。
     This appears to be the right way forward.
     看來(lái)這是化解金融危機(jī)的正確道路。
     Mps are asking for parliament to be recalled to debate the financial crisis.
     下院議員要求召回全部議員辯論金融危機(jī)。
     The financial crisis cannot be solved by official funds alone.
     金融危機(jī)不能單靠政府資金解決。
     All of the crises, including ERM crisis in 1992-1993, Mexican crisis in 1994-1995, Asian crisis in 1997-1998, Russian crisis in 1998 and Argentine crisis in 2001, showed strong contagion effect.
     無(wú)論是1992-1993年的歐洲貨幣聯(lián)盟危機(jī)、1994-1995年的墨西哥金融危機(jī)、1997-1998年的東南亞金融危機(jī)、1998年的俄羅斯金融危機(jī)還是2001年的阿根廷金融危機(jī)，都表現(xiàn)出極強(qiáng)的傳染性。
     Since 1990's,there have burst out many financial crises in the world, such as European Monetary Union crisis, Mexico crisis, South-East Asia crisis, Russia crisis and Brazil crisis, which were closely related with capital flight.
     20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，世界各地相繼爆發(fā)的金融危機(jī)，如歐洲貨幣聯(lián)盟危機(jī)、墨西哥金融危機(jī)、東南亞金融危機(jī)、俄羅斯金融危機(jī)，以及巴西金融危機(jī)，均與資本外逃密切相關(guān)。

     Edward: Hi, Andy! I found Daniel was upset these days. Do you know what happened?
     愛德華：嗨，安迪!丹尼爾這些天都很沮喪，你知道怎么回事嗎？
     Andy: He was caught playing QQ games at work and got the boot.
     安迪：他被發(fā)現(xiàn)上班時(shí)間玩QQ游戲，所以被解雇了。
     Edward: Well, maybe it is not the real reason, you know, many companies are downsizing because of the economic crisis.
     愛德華：也許那不是真正的原因，現(xiàn)在很多公司由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)都在裁員呢。
     Andy: Yeah, I think his boss is someone who likes to make a mountain out of a molehill.
     安迪：是啊，我想他的老板是一個(gè)愛小題大做的人。
     Edward: In the past one year, the global economy had been severely affected by the financial crisis. Some of my friends lost their jobs due to this crisis.
     愛德華：近一年以來(lái)，全球的經(jīng)濟(jì)都受到金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重影響，我的一些朋友就因此失去了工作。
     Andy: It is unimaginable that this financial crisis will make such a huge attack to the world economy.
     安迪：真沒(méi)有想到這次金融危機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)造成如此大的沖擊。
     Edward: It is said to be the most serious economic depression since 1930s.
     愛德華：據(jù)說(shuō)這是自20世紀(jì)30年代大蕭條以來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的一次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。
     Andy: Many tycoons suffered bankruptcy during this financial crisis, such as the investment banks in Wall Street.
     安迪：很多大企業(yè)都在這次金融危機(jī)中破產(chǎn)了，比如華爾街的幾大投資銀行。
     Edward: The stock market also underwent a setback.
     愛德華：全球的股票市場(chǎng)也嚴(yán)重受挫。
     Andy: The stocks I invested all dropped down, leading to a great lost.
     安迪：我投資的幾支股票都跌了，損失很大。
     Edward: What a pity!
     愛德華：太糟糕了!
     Andy: The three automobile companies in America lost their dominant position.
     安迪：美國(guó)的三大汽車公司也不如往日那么風(fēng)光了。
     Edward: It is very hard to find a satisfying job now.
     愛德華：在這種時(shí)候想找個(gè)滿意的工作很困難。
     Andy: Anyway, Daniel should shake the black dog from his back and draw a lesson from it.
     安迪：不管這么說(shuō)，丹尼爾應(yīng)當(dāng)振作起來(lái)并且吸取教訓(xùn)。
     Edward: Yes, I hope that he can find a new job smoothly.
     愛德華：是啊，希望他能夠順利找到下一份工作。