2011年衛(wèi)生類職稱英語教材新增文章

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　第十八篇
　　Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
　　Most older people with so-called typeⅡdiabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes iust three times a week，according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.
　　Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to utilise insulin by 30 per cent，the newspaper reported.
　　This is equal to1 the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today，it said.
　　Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II，all more than 60 years of age，exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.2
　　Associate Professor3 Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non- exercising persons.
　　“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes，4 but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off5 the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment，”Dela was quoted as saying.6
　　Insulin isa hormone produced by the pancreas，controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
　　Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up7 a sweat，but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off8 after five days without sufficient exercise.
　　Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of9 the importance of exercise，Dela added.
　　詞匯：
　　Insulin n.胰島素 utilise(=utilize) vt.利用，使用
　　diabetic adj.(患)糖尿病的;n.糖尿病患者 medication n.藥物，藥物治療
　　subject n.實驗對象
　　diabetes n.糖尿病;多尿癥 utilisation(=utilization) n.利用，使用
　　brisk adj.輕快的;活潑的，活躍的
　　Copenhagen n.哥本哈根(丹麥首都) saying n.格言
　　hormone n.激素
　　muscle n.肌肉 pancreas n.胰(腺)
　　注釋：
　　1.be equal to：等于
　　2. as a measure for how well their insulin worked：作為測量他們的胰島素工作狀況如何的標志。從語法上分析，how引起的從句是for這個介詞的賓語從句。
　　3.associate professor：副教授
　　4.…cannot cure people of diabetes：不能治好人們的糖尿病。cure sb.of sth.：給某人醫(yī)治某病。例如：This medicine should cure you of your cold.這藥準能治好你的感冒。
　　5.put off：推遲，延期
　　6.Dela was quoted as saying：Dela的話像格言一樣被人們所引用。注意謂語是被動語態(tài)。
　　7.work up：逐步引起，激起
　　8.wear off：逐漸消失
　　9.(be) unaware of sth.：不知道，沒覺察
　　練習：
　　1.How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin?
　　A By taking more salt.than usual.
　　B By taking less salt than usual.
　　C By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.
　　D By going climbing，swimming or boxing every day.
　　2.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by
　　A 70 per cent. B 30 per cent.
　　C 60 per cent. D only a few per cent.
　　3.The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included
　　A elderly non-diabetic men. B elderly type II diabetic men.
　　C both sexes of all ages. D both A and B.
　　4.To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?
　　A To the degree where they begin to sweat.
　　B To the degree where they feel exhausted.
　　C To the point when they feel thirsty.
　　D To the point when they have to take insulin.
　　5.According to Dela，among most diabetics the importance of exercise is the importance of watching their diet.
　　A as poorly understood as B as well understood as
　　C less understood than D better understood than
　　答案與題解：
　　1.C文章一開始就有此問題的明確答案。至于吃多少鹽或者從事其他劇烈運動文章自始至終都沒有提到。
　　2.B 文章第二段說到，體育鍛煉能將身體利用胰島素的能力提高30%。
　　3. D此題答案在文章第四段，實驗對象既有II型糖尿病患者，也有健康人，而且都是60歲以上的男人。
　　4.A 文章倒數(shù)第二段說到，體育鍛煉只要達到出汗的程度就能起作用。
　　5. C最后一段明確說到，大多數(shù)糖尿病患者知道必須注意飲食，但卻并不知道體育鍛煉的重要性