2015年職稱英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)解析：核心詞匯解析

　　職稱英語(yǔ)核心詞匯推薦(30單詞)：

　　act v. 行動(dòng)，做，起作用，扮演角色 n. 行為，法令;(act on: 遵照…行動(dòng)， 奉行)

　　action n. 行動(dòng);行為( take action /采取行動(dòng))

　　active adj. 活躍的;積極的

　　activity n. -ties 活動(dòng);行動(dòng)(social activities /社會(huì)活動(dòng))

　　actual adj. 實(shí)際的; 真實(shí)的;

　　actually adv. 實(shí)際上;真實(shí)地;

　　adapt v. 使適應(yīng);使適合;改編;改裝( adapt oneself to sth.. /適應(yīng)..)

　　add v. 加,增添(add up to/ 總計(jì)為，總數(shù)達(dá))

　　in addition/加上, 又, 另外;in addition to/加上, 除...外;

　　additional adj.附加的, 另外的; 補(bǔ)充的

　　address n.收信(件)人的住址 v. 對(duì)...講演或發(fā)表演說(shuō); (address a meeting 向大會(huì)致辭)

　　adequate adj. 足夠的,恰當(dāng)?shù)?勝任的 (be adequate for..勝任…)

　　adjust v. 調(diào)整;調(diào)節(jié);使適合;使適應(yīng)(adjust oneself to sth./ 使自己適應(yīng)..)

　　admire v. 贊美;贊賞;(admire sb. for sth./因…而欽佩某人)

　　admit v. 讓...進(jìn)入, 使獲得(某種地位或特權(quán)), 承認(rèn)(事實(shí)、錯(cuò)誤等) (admit sb. into the university/獲準(zhǔn)入大學(xué); admit sb. to hospital/把某人收治入院);

　　adopt v. 采用, 采納

　　adult n. 成年人

　　advance v./n. 提高(物價(jià)等), 增加(數(shù)量、價(jià)錢等), 提前, 加速, 撥快(時(shí)針) (in advance/ 預(yù)先)

　　advantage n. 優(yōu)勢(shì), 長(zhǎng)處, 利益, 便利 (take advantage of/ 利用，欺騙)

　　adventure n. 冒險(xiǎn), 驚險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)

　　advertisement n. 廣告(= ad)

　　advice n. 勸告, 忠告, 勸告,(a piece of advice/ 一條意見; give advice /提出忠告; take one's advice /接受忠告)

　　advise v. 建議, 提意見, 通知, 告知( advise sb. to do sth./ 勸某人做某事，advise sb. that../通知某人某事 )

　　advisable adj. 明智的， 可取的

　　affair n. 事情[件], [常用復(fù)] 事務(wù), 事態(tài)(affairs of state/ 國(guó)務(wù); foreign affairs /外交事務(wù) )

　　affect v. 影響, 對(duì)...起作用[反應(yīng)], 感動(dòng), 患(病)

　　afford v. [常與can, could, be able to 連用] 擔(dān)負(fù)得起費(fèi)用(損失、后果等)( can't afford to buy sth./ 買不起...)

　　afraid adj. [常作表語(yǔ)] 怕, 害怕, [口]恐怕( be afraid of/害怕, 擔(dān)心; I'm afraid/[口]大概, 恐怕, 擔(dān)心)

　　Africa n. 非洲

　　After prep. 在。。以后，adv. 以后， 后來(lái)conj, 在…以后

　　Again adv. 再一次， 又一次 again and again再三地， 反復(fù)地

　　l 詞匯題例題解析：

　　1. We are to advise you that the matter is under consideration.

　　A.inform B. suggest C. recommend D. advance

　　分析： 根據(jù)劃線詞所在的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)(advise sb. that../)判斷advise 的含義是“通知”， 所以答案是A。

　　經(jīng)驗(yàn)提示：選項(xiàng)A， C和D 上容易設(shè)置答案。

　　inform sb. of sth. / inform sb. that../把某事告訴某人

　　recommend sb. to do sth. 勸告某人做…

　　recommend that …建議..

　　suggest that...提議..

　　advance sb. sth. 提前給某人..

　　2. As a teacher you have to make use of your methods to suit the needs of slower students.

　　A. adopt B. adjust C. adapt D. acquire

　　分析： 劃線部分是短語(yǔ)， 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中有“use(用)”， 依據(jù)此而推測(cè)這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的含義可能與“用”有關(guān)系。 A和C拼寫形式接近， 所以重點(diǎn)注意(提示： 答案往往出自有關(guān)系的被選項(xiàng)中)， 空格后出現(xiàn)賓語(yǔ)your methods(你的方法)， 與這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)能構(gòu)成通順搭配的是A (采用)， “采用”與“用” 的含義相關(guān) ， 因此推斷答案就是A。

　　adjust sth. 調(diào)試../校準(zhǔn)..

　　adjust oneself to one's environment 使自己適應(yīng)環(huán)境

　　acquire sth.(養(yǎng)成…，獲得…)

　　l 在線作業(yè)

　　1.Pick out the words in the following paragraphs, which are created through word formation, and guess the meanings of the words./挑選出由構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞，并辨別這些詞的含義。

　　歷年考題

　　綜合類(from Science Fiction )

　　1. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.

　　綜合類(from Supermarket)

　　2. The other three walls are normally decorated in light colors, giving an impression of cleanliness and brightness.

　　綜合類(from A thirsty World)

　　3. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks.

　　4. All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is --- remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.

　　綜合類(from Home Schooling)

　　5. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States.

　　2. Translate the following underlined words into Chinese.(把下列劃線詞翻譯成中文)

　　1. A red traffic light means "stop" and a green light means "go".

　　2. I have had the stove lighted.

　　3. We lit the candle and the candle lit the room.

　　4. Let's have some light music.

　　5. The conversation is light and gay.

　　6. He wants the light hat.

　　7. Many hand make light work.

　　8. The thesis is about three hundred pages long.

　　9. You can see him again before long.

　　10. The child is longing for home.

　　11. There is no smoke without fire.

　　12. The house is on fire.

　　13. The enemy fired on the town.

　　14. At the end of a month he was fired for incompetence.

　　3.Translate the following passage into Chinese (翻譯)(C級(jí))

　　The Sea

　　What do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?

　　The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.

　　The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere(every + where). Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth (與deep有關(guān))of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers (kilo + meters) deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers (kilo + meters) high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! What a deep place!

　　參考答案：

　　1.Pick out the words in the following paragraphs, which are created through word formation, and guess the meanings of the words./挑選出由構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞，并辨別這些詞的含義。

　　(from Science Fiction )

　　1. Those who are sufficiently(sufficient + ly/充分地) clear-sighted(clear + (sight + ed)/聰明的) to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable (valu(e) + able/有價(jià)值的)lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably (in + evitable/不可避免地)face as it tries to master its new technology.

　　(from Supermarket)

　　2. The other three walls are normally (normal + ly/通常地)decorated in light colors, giving an impression(impress + ion/印象) of cleanliness (cleanli + ness /清潔and brightness(bright + ness/明亮).

　　綜合類(from A thirsty World)

　　3. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually (eventual + ly/最終)returns to the sea or runs into underground (under + ground/地下的) storage (stor(e)+ age/存儲(chǔ))tanks.

　　4. All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water(sea + water/海水) is --- remove the salt. This salt-removing(salt +remov(e) + ing/去除鹽的) process is already in use in many parts of the world.

　　綜合類(from Home Schooling)

　　5. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers (home + school + er + s/在家接受教育的人) in the United States.

　　2. Translate the following underlined words into Chinese.

　　1. A red traffic light means "stop" and a green light means "go". (燈)

　　2. I have had the stove lighted.(點(diǎn)燃)

　　3. We lit the candle and the candle lit the room. (點(diǎn)燃;照亮)

　　4. Let's have some light music. (柔和的)

　　5. The conversation is light and gay.(輕松愉快的)

　　6. He wants the light blue hat.(淺色的)

　　7. Many hand make light work. (輕易的，容易做到的)

　　8. The thesis is about three hundred pages long.(長(zhǎng))

　　9. You can see him again before long.(不久)

　　10. The child is longing for home.(渴望)

　　11. There is no smoke without fire. (火)

　　12. The house is on fire.(著火)

　　13. The enemy fired on the town. (開炮)

　　14. At the end of a month he was fired for incompetence. (解雇)

　　3.Translate the following passage into Chinese (翻譯)(C級(jí))

　　你了解大海嗎?我們知道，當(dāng)太陽(yáng)的光輝灑在海面上時(shí)，大?？雌饋?lái)非常美麗。我們也知道，當(dāng)起大風(fēng)的時(shí)候，大海也會(huì)變得狂暴。除此之外，我們還知道什么呢?

　　首先要記住的事情是大海很大。你查看世界地圖就會(huì)知道海洋比陸地的面積大。海洋覆蓋了地球的四分之三。

　　在某些地方，海洋也很深，但不是所有的地方都深。有些地方的海洋非常淺，但有些地方海洋深的可怕。在日本附近的一個(gè)地方，還差不多有11公里深，而世界上最高的山不過(guò)才9公里高。如果那山被放進(jìn)這最深的海中，將會(huì)有兩公里深的水覆蓋在它的上面。多深的海洋啊!