1. 人稱代詞it,是第三人稱單數(shù)中性,代表前文已提到過的一件事物。如:
1)That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那個花瓶很珍貴,它有200多年的歷史。
2)I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜歡游泳,它能使我保持健康。
當說話者不清楚或無必要知道說話對象的性別時,也可用it來表示。 如:
3)It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 寶寶真可愛,是男孩還是女孩?
it可用來指代團體。如:
4)The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委員會已開過會,拒絕了這項建議。
it用以代替指示代詞this, that.如:
5)--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —這是什么? —是一支鋼筆。
6)--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是誰的書? —是邁克的。
2. 指示代詞it,常用以指人。如:
7)Go and see who it is. 去看看是誰。
8)--- Who is making such a noise? —是誰發(fā)出這樣的吵鬧聲?
--- It must be the children. —一定是孩子們。
3.虛義it無指代性,常用作沒有具體意義的主語,出現(xiàn)于表示天氣、氣候、溫度、時間、地點、距離等意義的句子中。如:
9)It is half past three now. 現(xiàn)在是三點半鐘。
10)It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 這里離最近的醫(yī)院也有六英里。
11)It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.
天氣很冷;天下著雪,漸漸地變黑了。