首先我們來了解一下托福聽力細節(jié)題正確答案的特點,一般來說包括以下四點:synonym同義詞替換、paraphrase句子改寫、consistent和主旨內(nèi)容保持一致、objective 科學客觀。而相對應的干擾項特點一般是:exactly the same 有若干詞和原文一樣,但整體句意不同、inconsistent 和主旨內(nèi)容差別太大、incongruous 信息不同步、subjective主觀極端。把握住正確選項和干擾項的大致特征對我們正確解題會大有裨益。接下來我們需要了解一下托福聽力官方對細節(jié)的限定:
-important-directly or indirectly related to the main ideas-providing elaboration, examples and support-sometimes related to a long digression
我們通過官方這個定義可以發(fā)現(xiàn),托福聽力材料中細節(jié)的作用是展開和支持,它的意義是依附于上下文語境存在的,或是對概念的解釋和說明,或是具體事例的補充,如:effects: 產(chǎn)生了影響-- 具體影響的方面definition: 給了個定義 -- 具體的例子和特征consequence: 導致的結(jié)果 -- 具體的結(jié)果problem: 存在的問題 -- 具體的問題
一般而言,托福聽力細節(jié)題的處理有三大步驟:抓住主旨;確定細節(jié)出現(xiàn)的位置;理解細節(jié)前后的信息。聽的過程中,我們思考和記錄的不是具體數(shù)字是多少,地點在哪里,或者人名的拼寫,而是思考教授舉例想要說明什么,例子前后的分析都是什么。
下面我們來看幾道例題。
例1:TPO28 Lecture4 Archaeology
30/34 What points does the professor make about mound sites?
A. They are easier to excavate than other types of archaeological sites B. They often provide informationabout several generations of people.
C. They often contain evidence of trade.
D. Most have been found in what are now desert areas.
以上的細節(jié)題,即便我們還沒有聽得很仔細,我們也是可以輕松選出答案的,因為
- 聽力講座的主旨是研究遺址中發(fā)現(xiàn)一個古老文明的存在
- trade是后面才出現(xiàn)的信息
- 排除掉只是細節(jié)描述的選項
例2: TPO21 Lecture3 Biology
27/34. Why does the professor mention the brown tree snake?
A. To support a hypothesis about the evolution of constrictor snakes
B. To support a hypothesis that venomous snakes evolved from constrictor snakes
C. To give an example of a snake species that was never venomous
D. To give an example of a type of snake that can change its color
解題思路:
- 聽力講座的主旨是通過分析毒液的DNA而進一步了解蛇的進化過程
- 排除掉過于極端的
- 排除掉沒有出現(xiàn)的觀點
例3: TPO29 Lecture1 Ecology
7/34 According to the professor, in what way is the soil in forested areas generally different from soil in other areas?
A. In forested areas, the soil tends to be warmer and moister.
B. In forested areas, the chemistry of the soil changes more rapidly.
C. In forested areas, there is usually more variability in soil types
D. In forested areas, there is generally more acid in the soil.
解題思路:
- 聽力講座的主旨是分析古老森林中土壤多樣性的成因及其應用
- 排除掉信息不同步的
- 排除掉沒有出現(xiàn)的觀點
托福聽力細節(jié)題的備考重在練習與反思,大家要注意結(jié)合我們分享的解題步驟、正確選項與干擾項的特征進行充分練習,最大化利用托福聽力真題資源實現(xiàn)托福聽力能力與分數(shù)的同步提升。