跟外媒學(xué)美國(guó)大選中的“撒謊”

美聯(lián)社17日發(fā)表文章，直白地形容正在進(jìn)行的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)選舉是“撒謊季”。正像馬克·吐溫的《競(jìng)選州長(zhǎng)》中所描述的那樣，謠言和謊言占據(jù)了選舉的大部分。夸?？陂_(kāi)空頭支票，將微小問(wèn)題惡意夸大，故意歪曲和更改關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)，這些“雕蟲(chóng)小技”在美國(guó)政客的競(jìng)選過(guò)程中，簡(jiǎn)直就是小菜一碟，屢試不爽。

特朗普和希拉里(圖片來(lái)源：新華社)

下面我們就看看這篇文章是如何描述“撒謊”的：

This is the season of lies.

這是一個(gè)撒謊的季節(jié)。

【season of lies】撒謊季，season除了表示“季節(jié)”，還可以表示體育中的“賽季”，美劇播放也以season(季)為單位。

We watch with fascination as candidates for the world's most powerful job trade falsehoods and allegations of dishonesty.

我們興奮地看著世界上最重要工作的競(jìng)選人不斷地撒謊并指責(zé)對(duì)手撒謊。

【falsehood】虛偽; 謊言

例句：She called the verdict a victory of truth over falsehood.

她將這一判決稱為真理對(duì)謬誤的勝利。

【dishonesty】不正直，不誠(chéng)實(shí); 欺詐

例句：Dishonesty is ultimately self-defeating.

弄虛作假最終會(huì)自食其果。

Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump routinely calls rival Ted Cruz "Lyin' Ted." Cruz retorts: "Falsely accusing someone of lying is itself a lie and something Donald does daily."

“撒謊的特德”是共和黨總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選人唐納德•特朗普對(duì)他的黨內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手特德•克魯茲最習(xí)慣的稱呼。克魯茲則反唇相譏地說(shuō)：“妄稱對(duì)方撒謊，本身就是撒謊。這是特朗普天天做的事情。”

【Falsely accusing someone of lying is itself a lie.】妄稱對(duì)方撒謊，本身就是撒謊。

【羅姆尼的鼻子】“沒(méi)準(zhǔn)兒，他說(shuō)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)就是用這種騙人的方式進(jìn)行吧!”

News organizations dedicate enormous resources to separating candidates' truthful wheat from their dishonest chaff.

新聞機(jī)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在必須投入大量資源和精力對(duì)競(jìng)選人言論進(jìn)行甄別，去偽存真。

【separate the wheat from the chaff】to separate what is useful or valuable from what is worthless.將有用或有價(jià)值的事物與無(wú)價(jià)值的區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。

例句：The managers hoped that the new procedure for evaluating employees would separate the wheat from the chaff.

經(jīng)理希望新的員工考核流程能讓優(yōu)秀員工體現(xiàn)其價(jià)值。

We all stretch the truth. We learned to deceive as toddlers. We rationalize our fabrications that benefit us. We tell little white lies daily that make others feel good.

我們都會(huì)說(shuō)謊，從幼兒時(shí)就學(xué)會(huì)了說(shuō)謊。我們?yōu)樽约旱哪笤煺医杩?，以有利于自己。為了讓別人更愉快，我們每天都可能會(huì)說(shuō)些善意的謊言。

【stretch the truth】言過(guò)其實(shí)，說(shuō)話過(guò)分夸大。

例句：The slightest stretch of any truth will produce an absurdity.

真理越過(guò)一步,就會(huì)變成謬誤。

【deceive】欺騙

【fabrication】捏造

【white lies】善意的謊言

例句：Do you believe that we need white lies in our life?

你認(rèn)為我們的生活中需要善意的謊言嗎?

Politicians distort the truth more often, use more self-justifications and deceive in larger ways, and with more consequences, experts in psychology and political science say.

心理學(xué)家和政治學(xué)家表示，政客更經(jīng)常歪曲事實(shí)，更多地自我辯白，騙人騙得更夸張，后果也更嚴(yán)重。

【distort the truth】歪曲事實(shí)

例句：Journalists, I think, should take responsibility to report the truth, not distort it.

我認(rèn)為記者應(yīng)該有責(zé)任報(bào)道真相，而非扭曲真相。

When lies succeed, they make it "more tempting to lie. Lies can stick. They can have a lingering effect, even if they are debunked. "

說(shuō)謊成功后，“人們就更難以抗拒去繼續(xù)說(shuō)謊。謊言有時(shí)候揮之不去，影響很久，即使被揭穿。”

【debunk】揭穿真相，暴露

例句：Historian Michael Beschloss debunks a few myths.

歷史學(xué)家邁克爾•貝施洛斯破除了幾個(gè)不實(shí)傳言。