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所屬教程:新詞熱詞

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2016年07月07日

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The cobra effect occurs when an attempted solution to a problem actually makes the problem worse. This is an instance of unintended consequences. The term is used to illustrate the causes of incorrect stimulation in economy and politics.

“眼睛蛇效果”指的是之前嘗試解決問(wèn)題的措施最終卻使問(wèn)題惡化。這是一種意外后果的例證，用來(lái)說(shuō)明在經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治上的不正確刺激的成因。

The term cobra effect stems from an anecdote set at the time of British rule of colonial India. The British government was concerned about the number of venomous cobra snakes in Delhi. The government therefore offered a bounty for every dead cobra. Initially this was a successful strategy as large numbers of snakes were killed for the reward. Eventually, however, enterprising people began to breed cobras for the income.

這個(gè)詞來(lái)源于英國(guó)殖民印度時(shí)期的一樁軼事。英國(guó)政府非常擔(dān)心德里有毒的眼鏡蛇的數(shù)量問(wèn)題，因此按照每人上交的死蛇數(shù)量發(fā)給獎(jiǎng)金。最初這個(gè)辦法很成功，人們?yōu)榱藸?zhēng)得獎(jiǎng)金殺死了很多眼鏡蛇。但最終，有膽量的印度人開(kāi)始養(yǎng)殖眼鏡蛇來(lái)掙錢(qián)。

When the government became aware of this, the reward program was scrapped, causing the cobra breeders to set the now-worthless snakes free. As a result, the wild cobra population further increased. The apparent solution for the problem made the situation even worse.

英國(guó)政府意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)時(shí)，就停止發(fā)放獎(jiǎng)金，導(dǎo)致眼鏡蛇養(yǎng)殖者把不值錢(qián)的眼鏡蛇放生。所以野生眼鏡蛇的數(shù)量反而更多了。表面上為了解決問(wèn)題而采取的措施，反而使得問(wèn)題更糟。