A worker organizes Mobike shared bicycles in Jinan, Shandong province, on Friday. [Photo/China Daily]
The regulation, if enacted, would require that companies charge users a deposit based on their service capability. The total prepaid funds in a user's account on a bike-sharing platform, for example, would be capped at 100 yuan ($15), while the money for other new transportation business would be less than 8,000 yuan.
新規(guī)要求,運營企業(yè)收取的用戶預付資金總規(guī)模應當與其服務能力相匹配,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)租賃自行車單個用戶賬號內(nèi)的預付資金額度不得超過100元;其他交通運輸新業(yè)態(tài)單個用戶賬號內(nèi)的預付資金額度不得超過8000元。
The draft regulation makes it clear that users' prepaid funds can only be used for a company's main business, and may not be used for investment-such as real estate, equity, securities and bonds-or for debt service.
新規(guī)還明確提出,運營企業(yè)只能將用戶預付資金用于其主營業(yè)務,不得用于不動產(chǎn)、股權(quán)、證券、債券等投資及其他借貸用途等。
【名詞解釋】
這里提到的“共享出行”包括網(wǎng)絡預約出租汽車(online taxi-hailing)、汽車分時租賃(car rental)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)租賃自行車(online bike rental/bike sharing)等。
共享出行其實是分享經(jīng)濟(sharing economy)的一種。分享經(jīng)濟(sharing economy或shared economy)指能夠讓商品、服務、數(shù)據(jù)以及才能等有共享渠道的經(jīng)濟社會體系(economic and social systems that enable shared access to goods, services, data and talent)。這些體系形式各異,但都是運用信息技術(shù)讓個人、公司、非盈利機構(gòu)以及政府掌握大量信息以讓他們可以分配、共享及再利用過剩的商品和服務(empower individuals, corporations, non-profits and government with information that enables distribution, sharing and reuse of excess capacity in goods and services)。
新規(guī)要求,運營企業(yè)原則上不收取用戶押金,確有必要收取的,應當基于協(xié)議(any deposits should be based on agreements),提供運營企業(yè)專用存款賬戶(special deposit account)和用戶個人銀行結(jié)算賬戶(personal settlement account)兩種資金存管方式,供用戶選擇。用戶押金歸用戶所有,運營企業(yè)不得挪用(companies may not misappropriate deposit funds)。
此外,新規(guī)還明確提出,運營企業(yè)應當建立用戶預付資金備付金制度(provisions system for user deposits),備付金不得低于用戶預付資金余額的40%。
根據(jù)新規(guī),用戶申請退還押金(apply for deposit refund)時,存管銀行和其他支付服務機構(gòu)核對相關(guān)信息后,應當于當日(至遲次日)基于原路退還原則退還用戶。用戶原賬戶發(fā)生變化的,運營企業(yè)需提供用戶身份信息、押金支付信息和退款賬戶信息,存管銀行和其他支付服務機構(gòu)核對認定后再行退還(refund customers' deposits after verifying the user's information)。
【相關(guān)詞匯】
共享單車 bike sharing
在線叫車 online car-hailing
分享經(jīng)濟 sharing economy
押金管理 deposit management
停車管理 parking management
免押金 deposit waiver