四川啟動I級防汛應急響應，三峽水利樞紐將迎建庫以來最大洪峰

8月18日5時，四川啟動I級防汛應急響應(activate the highest level of flood control response)，這是有記錄以來，四川首次啟動該響應。

8月18日拍攝的青衣江與洪水過后的雅安市雨城區(qū)草壩鎮(zhèn)(無人機照片)。(圖片來源：新華社)

Continuous rainfall has caused 22 major rivers in Sichuan to exceed their flood warning levels. Swelling rivers have flooded some urban areas in the city of Ya'an and Leshan. Local authorities have evacuated more than 100,000 people affected by the disaster.

連續(xù)降雨已導致四川省境內22條主要河流超過警戒水位。泛濫的河水淹沒了雅安和樂山市的城區(qū)，當地政府已撤離10萬多受災群眾。

The Ya'an section of the Qingyi River was hit by a major flood rarely seen in a hundred years, while water levels in the entire Qingyi River basin, as well as the lower reaches of Dadu River and Minjiang River, are expected to exceed warning levels.

目前，青衣江雅安城區(qū)段已出現百年一遇洪水，預計整個青衣江流域將全面超過保證水位，大渡河下游、岷江下游也將出現全面超警超保洪水。

【知識點】

最近有關洪水的報道中，我們經常能看到“超警”、“超保”、“超限”等表述，其中的“警”代表“警戒水位”，“保”代表“保證水位”，“限”代表“汛限水位”。

警戒水位(warning level)是指河流、湖泊隨著水位逐步升高，堤防可能發(fā)生險情并需要加強防守的水位(the water level where dykes need consolidation)。到達這一水位，要進行防汛動員，加大人力、物力投入，實行晝夜巡堤查險。

保證水位(flood-stage level)，又稱最高水位或危險水位，是指堤防設計水位或歷史上防御過的最高洪水位(the highest floodwater level a dyke has ever withstood)，也是汛期堤防及其附屬工程能保證安全運行的上限洪水位。接近或到達這一水位，防汛進入全面緊急狀態(tài)，堤防臨水時間已長，堤身土體可能達到飽和狀態(tài)，隨時都有出險的可能。這時要密切巡查，全力以赴，確保堤防安全。

汛限水位(the upper limit of reservoir water level)是指汛期水庫允許蓄水的上限水位，也是水庫汛期防洪調度運用時的起調水位。

九寨溝景區(qū)臨時關閉

The Jiuzhaigou National Park, also known as the Jiuzhai Valley, a UNESCO world heritage site famed for its spectacular waterfalls, lush forests, serene plateau lakes and karst rock formations in the mountainous areas of Sichuan, announced temporary closure due to safety concerns.

為安全起見，九寨溝景區(qū)臨時關閉園區(qū)。九寨溝是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產地，以壯觀的瀑布、蔥翠的森林、靜謐的高原湖水以及四川山區(qū)卡斯特地貌聞名。

Incessant torrential rainfall has blocked roads to the scenic spot, with part of the area flooded by a river, according to the site's administration.

景區(qū)管理部門表示，持續(xù)強降雨導致通往景區(qū)的道路受阻，部分路段被泛濫的河水淹沒。

洪水浸過樂山大佛佛腳平臺

Floods also affected the Leshan Giant Buddha, another UNESCO world heritage site situated outside the city of Leshan. Flood water reached the toes of the Buddha statue for the first time since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949.

另一處聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產地樂山大佛也受到洪水影響，這是1949年新中國成立以來洪水首次浸過大佛腳趾。

8月18日，洪水到達樂山大佛腳趾位置。(圖片來源：中國日報網)

On Monday night, local police and scenic-spot staff placed sandbags at the platform under the Buddha's feet, building a dam-like structure to protect the statue.

8月17日晚，當地民警和景區(qū)工作人員在大佛佛腳平臺堆放了沙袋，組成堤壩保護大佛。

三峽水利樞紐將迎建庫以來最大洪峰

This coming Thursday the Three Gorges reservoir in central China's Hubei province is expected to see the most severe round of floods since it started to hold water in 2003.

預計8月20日，位于湖北省的三峽水利樞紐將迎來2003年蓄水以來的最大洪峰。

According to a forecast by the Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, the inbound flow of water is expected to reach more than 74,000 cubic meters per second after continuous heavy rain battered the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

根據長江水文局以及水利部的預報，受長江上游持續(xù)強降雨影響，三峽水利樞紐入庫洪水峰值將達到74000立方米每秒。

The Yangtze River, China's longest waterway, recorded the fifth flood of the year in its upper reaches on Monday.

8月17日，“長江2020年第5號洪水”已在長江上游形成。

【相關詞匯】

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

flash floods 山洪暴發(fā)

water level 水位

flood level 洪水水位

flood peak 洪峰

warning level 警戒水位

watercourses 河道/水道

water discharge 排水量

water volume 水量

water reservoirs 水庫

discharge flood waters 分流洪水

flood prevention capability 防洪能力