一、生詞和短語
1 experience
用作名詞,表示"經(jīng)驗(yàn)""體驗(yàn)",是不可數(shù)名詞;而表示"經(jīng)歷""感受",通常是可數(shù)名詞。如:Experience is the best teacher.
經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最好的老師。
表示做某事的經(jīng)驗(yàn),其后通常不接不定式,而接 in [of] doing sth。
例如:He has had much experience in [of] this kind of work.
他有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)做這項(xiàng)工作。
比較:experiece in [of] teaching=teaching experience(教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn))
experience還可表示"體驗(yàn)""經(jīng)歷"等,只用作及物動(dòng)詞。
例句:The child had never experienced kindness.
這孩子從未受過善待。
詞語擴(kuò)展:experienced作形容詞,表示有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。
例句:He is an experienced teacher.
他是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的老師。
2 I drove on to the next town.
我繼續(xù)駛往下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。
這個(gè)句子里的副詞on有"繼續(xù)地""不停頓地"的意思。
例句:He can work on without a break.
他能不停地工作。
3 on the way,在途中
On the way, a young man waved to me.途中,一個(gè)青年人向我招手。
on the way 在途中
on the way home在回家路上
on one's way to 到...去的途中
lose way in the dark在黑暗中迷了路
in the way 擋住路, 妨礙, 多余的
show sb. the way 為某人引路
across the way 路對(duì)面, 街對(duì)面
stop sb.'s way 攔住某人
by the way 順便問一下
4 lift [名詞]搭便車
例句:I will give you a lift to the airport.
我可以順便送你去機(jī)場(chǎng)。
lift還有很多意思,作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可表示舉起,抬起。
lift sb. /sth. up 將某人/某物抬起
還可表示將某物從原地移開;(云、霧等)消散、消失,或是指偷竊某物,具體表達(dá)為lift sth. from sb. /sth.
例句:He lifted the box.
他舉起了箱子。
5、 apart from 遠(yuǎn)離, 除...之外
下面說說apart from,Besides, except用法之異同
?。?).Apart from有兩種含義:
a、相當(dāng)于besides.意為"除……以外(還包括)"。例如:
Apart from my mother tongue, I speak several foreign languages as well.除了母語外,我還會(huì)講好幾種外語。
b、相當(dāng)于except.意為"除……以外(不包括)"。例如:
I like all the subjects apart from English.除了英語外,我喜歡所有學(xué)科。
(2).Except意為"除……以外(不包括)"。例如:
He cleaned all the rooms except the bathroom.除了洗澡間,他把所有的房間都清掃了。
I looked everywhere except here.除了這里外,我找遍了所有地方。
?。?).Besides意為"除……以外(還包括)"。例如:
Besides John, we also went there.除了約翰外,我們也去了那里。
Who else heard of it besides you?除了你外還有誰聽說過此事。
6、I do not know any French at all 我根本不會(huì)法語。這句是大家非常見的。
not...at all與 not at all 的區(qū)別 :
not...at all一點(diǎn)也不
Not at all 別客氣
7、Neither of us spoke during the journey.旅途中我們誰也沒講話。
neither ...nor... 既不...也不...
either ...or... 任一, 隨便任一個(gè)
neither和either的用法 :
A不同:neither 表示兩者都不,表示"兩都不"的否定說法,
either表示(兩者之中)任一的, (兩者之中)各一的,表示"兩人或兩物中任何一個(gè)"的肯定說法。
B共同點(diǎn): (1).它們都可用作主語、賓語和定語。例如:①Neither of the books is good.(主) ②I don't think either of them is at home.(主)
?。?)Neither和either作定語時(shí),其后的名詞都用單數(shù)。例如:
Neither book gives the answer.
There are tall buildings on either side of the road.
8、As I soon learnt, he was English himself!我很快了解到,他自己就是個(gè)英國人!
本句中 as 作為連詞,正如……。
講講as的幾種用法:
?。?)as 作為副詞,常與連詞 as 連用,意為"和……一樣"。例如: as easy as ABC (非常容易), as cool as cucumber (沉著的),as clear as crystal (非常透明的), as busy as a bee (非常繁忙的)。在這些短語中,第一個(gè) as 是副詞,第二個(gè) as 是連詞。
(2)as 作為連詞,意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)",引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,在意思上相當(dāng)于 when 和 while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。例如:As he grew up, he became silent. (他長(zhǎng)大以后,變得沉默寡言。)
?。?)as 作為連詞, 意為"既然,因?yàn)?quot;,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,不過它引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句時(shí)所表示的原因不如 because 引導(dǎo)的從句所表示的原因那么直接和強(qiáng)烈?!s he wasn't ready, we went without him. (既然他沒有準(zhǔn)備好,我們就自己去了。)
?。?)as 作為連詞, 意為"雖然,盡管",引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,在意思上相當(dāng)于 although 引導(dǎo)的從句。 as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),常以下列句式出現(xiàn):名詞 / 副詞 / 動(dòng)詞 (原形) / 形容詞 +as+ 主語 + 其他成分。
Much as I like it , I'll not buy it. (雖然我很喜歡它,我也不會(huì)買。)
?。?) as 作為連詞,意為"如,像",引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。例如:
You must do as I tell you . (你必須按照我告訴你的那樣去做。)
?。?) as 作為連詞,意為"作為……(某種身份),當(dāng)做,視為"。例如: As a student, you must obey the rules. (作為學(xué)生,你必須遵守紀(jì)律。 )
?。?) as 作介詞,意為"如同,作為"。例如: Unite as one man. (團(tuán)結(jié)得像一個(gè)人。)
as還有許多種用法,以后我們會(huì)在遇到的時(shí)候給大家專門講解。
二、語法講解
1、After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
在離開法國南部的一個(gè)小村莊后,我繼續(xù)駛往下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。
本句是過去完成時(shí), 表示過去的過去:
----|-------|-----|---->其構(gòu)成是had +過去分詞構(gòu)成,
那時(shí)以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在
過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語 after, as soon as等,當(dāng)主從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同時(shí)間時(shí),先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過去完成時(shí),后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí),例如課文中
As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. 他一上車,我就用法語向他問早上好,他也同樣用法語回答我。
此外還有時(shí)間狀語before, by, until , when,once等表示過去完成時(shí)。
新概念英語第二冊(cè)關(guān)于As的練習(xí)題:
1.____ is well known, the earth is round.
A. It B. As C. These D. That
2._____ is well known that the earth is round.
A. That B. It C. As D. There
3. He is handsome ___ a boy that all of us like him.
A. so B. such C. as D. who
4. He is such a handsome boy ____all of us like.
A. so B. such C. whom D. as
5. Boy he was,____ he could write a novel.
A. as B. since C. because D. who
練習(xí)答案:1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A