指示代詞主要是this,that,these,those,在句中可以用作:
1.主語:
That(This) is what I want to emphasize.
這是我想強調(diào)的。
—Is this the bus we want?
—Yes.that's it.
—這是我們要上的車嗎?
—是的。
These are the topics we are going to discuss.
這些是我們要談的問題。
2.賓語:
We should always keep this in mind.
我們應經(jīng)常記住這一點。
Better put that on the upper shelf.
最好把那放在上面一格內(nèi)。
Put these (those) in your bag.
把這(那)些放在你書包里。
3.表語:
My idea is this.
我的意思是這樣的。
The major difficulties are these.
主要同難是這些。
Winners are those who trained hard.
優(yōu)勝者是那些辛苦鍛煉的人。
4.定語:
How do you think of this (that) idea?
你覺得這(那)個想法怎樣?
For these (those) reasons we decided to stay.
為了這些(那些)原因我們決定留下。
These (Those) people are always complaining.
這(那)些人老是在抱怨。
在作定語用時,這些詞有的英語字典標作形容詞,有的字典標作限定詞(determiner),究竟怎樣標好,尚需研究。
that和those有時可用來代表前面剛提到過的名詞以避免重復這個詞:
The best coal is that from Newcastle.
新堡的煤質(zhì)量最好。
These TV—sets are better than those we turned out last year.
這些電視機比我們?nèi)ツ瓿龅暮谩?/p>
另外those還可用下面這類句子中表示“人”(后面多有一定語修飾):
Those who wish to go may sign up here.
想去的人可在此簽名。
Those able to work were given jobs.
能工作的人都分配了工作。