第二十章狀語 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)狀語

　　1 .狀語有時由一個名詞(或代詞)加另一成份構(gòu)成，是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，也可稱為獨立結(jié)構(gòu)(absolute construction ) .最常見的是“名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞”:

　　The plane crashed, its bombs exploding as it hit the ground.

　　飛機墜毀，它帶的炸彈觸地時爆炸了。

　　He groaned and fell to the floor, blood streaming from his nose.

　　他哼了一聲，鼻子流著血，倒在地上。

　　Weather permitting, we'll go on an excursion to the Western Hills tomorrow.

　　天氣要是合適，我們明天將去西山去玩。

　　The dark clouds having dispersed, the sun shone again.

　　烏云散去后太陽又出來了。

　　2 .還可以由過去分詞(a ) ，形容詞(b ) ，不成式(c ) ，介詞短語(d )或副詞(e )構(gòu)成：

　　a.

　　He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.

　　他臉朝天，頭枕著雙手躺著。

　　Fumin came in, his eyes slightly swollen.

　　傅民眼睛微微有些腫走了進來。

　　b.

　　He entered the room, his nose red with cold.

　　他鼻子凍得通紅走了進來。

　　The people, their livelihood secure, now have leisure to take up sports .

　　現(xiàn)在人民生活有了保障，就有時間參加體育活動了。

　　c.

　　Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.

　　這兒是頭兩卷，第三卷下月出來。

　　d.

　　After killing the Japanese soldier, the two partisans ran away, riflein hand .

　　殺死那個日本兵之后，兩個游擊隊員提槍逃掉了。

　　e.

　　He put on his socks wrong side out .

　　他襪子穿反了。

　　3 .介詞with 也?？梢疬@種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　He fell asleep with the light still burning.

　　燈還亮著他就睡了。

　　She sat with her head bent.

　　她低著頭坐著。

　　He was asleep wit his head on his arms .

　　他頭枕著雙臂睡著了。

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　　練習(xí)及答案：

　　練習(xí)一：在下面句子中的狀語下劃線:

　　1. He entered the dark room, gun in hand.

　　1. gun in hand

　　2. The old man satdown, his face pale with pain and traces of tears still on his cheeks.

　　2. his face pale with pain and traces of tears still on his cheeks

　　5. John beingaway, Henry had to do the work.

　　5. John beingaway

　　7. They were subdivided into three groups, each working on a project.

　　7. each working on a project

　　8. He sat in the front row, his mouth half open, his head thrust forward so as not to miss any word.

　　8. his mouth half open, his head thrust forward so as not to miss any word

　　練習(xí)二：在由with 引起的短語下劃線:

　　1. They stood with their arms round each other, quivering.

　　1. with their arms round each other

　　2. We sat on the grass with our backs to the wall.

　　2. with our backs to the wall.

　　3. All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.

　　3. with the door locked

　　4. She sat with her arms round her knees.

　　4. with her arms round her knees

　　5. I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.

　　5. with my mother being ill