歷屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)介紹:第28任總統(tǒng) 托馬斯·伍德羅·威爾遜

　　Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President ofthe United States. He served two terms in office from1913to 1921. He was born in Virginia in 1856.Wilson suffered from dyslexia and didn’t learn toread until hewas ten years old. He graduated fromPrinceton in 1879. He also studied law at theUniversity of Virginia and in 1883 gained a PhD inhistory and political science from John HopkinsUniversity.

　　托馬斯·伍德羅·威爾遜是美國(guó)第28任總統(tǒng)。任職兩屆，任期為1913-1921.1856年，威爾遜出生于弗吉尼亞。小時(shí)，威爾遜患有閱讀障礙癥，十歲時(shí)才開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)閱讀。1879年，他畢業(yè)于普林斯頓大學(xué)。并在弗吉尼亞大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)法律，1883年，在約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)獲得歷史學(xué)和政治科學(xué)博士學(xué)位。

　　Wilson advanced rapidly as a conservative young professor of political science and becamepresident of Princeton in 1902. His growing national reputation led some Democrats toconsider him Presidential material. He was nominated for President at the 1912 DemocraticConvention. He won only 42 percent of the popular vote but got an overwhelming electoralvote to become President.

　　威爾遜迅速成為了政治科學(xué)專業(yè)的一名年輕教授，并在1902年成為普林斯頓校長(zhǎng)。威爾遜在國(guó)內(nèi)的聲望愈來(lái)愈高，這使得民主黨考慮讓他成為總統(tǒng)。在1912年的民主大會(huì)上，他成為了總統(tǒng)候選人。雖然他僅僅獲得了42%的選票，但是在總統(tǒng)選舉中，他以壓倒性的優(yōu)勢(shì)獲勝。

　　Wilson passed bills for lower tariffs, a graduated income tax, the prohibition of child labor, 8-hour days for railroad workers, and more. These and his promise to keep the USA out of WorldWar I meant he narrowly won re-election in 1916. However, after the election Wilson saidAmerica could not remain neutral when German submarines were attacking US ships. Wilsondeclared war on Germany in April 1917.

　　威爾遜通過(guò)了降低關(guān)稅、累進(jìn)所得稅、禁止童工、鐵路工人八小時(shí)工作制等法案。這些舉措，以及他許諾美國(guó)不參加一戰(zhàn)的承諾讓他以微弱的優(yōu)勢(shì)獲得了1916年的連任選舉。但是，選舉之后，當(dāng)?shù)聡?guó)潛艇攻擊美國(guó)艦船時(shí)，威爾遜沒(méi)有保持中立。1917年，美國(guó)向德國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)。

　　Wilson stated WWI was the “war to end all war”. Massive American effort helped the Allies winthe War and Germany surrendered in November 1918. Wilson helped create the League ofNations in Paris, but the Versailles Treaty failed in the Senate by seven votes. He was awardedthe Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts. He died in 1924, leaving his legacy for the USA to fight fordemocracy around the world.

　　威爾遜說(shuō)：“一戰(zhàn)將結(jié)束所有的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”。美國(guó)大量的援助使得同盟軍獲得了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利，1918年，德國(guó)投降。威爾遜還幫助建立巴黎的國(guó)際聯(lián)盟，但是凡爾賽和約卻以7票的劣勢(shì)未能通過(guò)。威爾遜也因此獲得了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。1924年，威爾遜去世，他所留下的遺產(chǎn)讓美國(guó)繼續(xù)在全世界宣揚(yáng)民主。

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