翻譯十二式

(一) 同義反譯法

例子：

1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒(méi)有走。(不譯：「還留著」或「還呆在那里」)

2. I'll be here for good this time.

這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：「永遠(yuǎn)在此呆下去」)

3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.

我不在家的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：「我外出時(shí)，請(qǐng)讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著」)

4. "Wait, he is serious."

「等等，他不是說(shuō)著玩兒的?！?不譯：「等等，他是認(rèn)真的?！?

5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"

「聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，克拉拉，對(duì)這孩子可不能心軟?！?不譯：「......對(duì)這孩子要堅(jiān)定」)

(二) 刪減解釋詞

例子：

The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of

refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a

particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

到南方去的人看見(jiàn)那些黑白混血的女郎，準(zhǔn)定會(huì)注意到她們十之八九都賦有那種獨(dú)特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種柔和的聲調(diào)和文靜的舉止。

(三) 短句拆譯

例子：

" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."

「在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗，......」

(四) 譯詞推陳出新

例子：

When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with

doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a

lower.

原譯：當(dāng)他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。

改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時(shí)候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。

原詞 原譯 改譯

when 當(dāng)......的時(shí)候 等到......的時(shí)候

act with boldness 大膽行動(dòng) 放膽去追求

a lover 一個(gè)情人 一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人

ordinary fears 普通的害怕 種種常有的提心吊膽的心理

in addition to 除了......之外 那就更是難免的了

(五) 解釋性添詞

例子：

"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have

done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I

never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet

and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.

「喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會(huì)干出這種事情來(lái)﹗俗話說(shuō)得好：『滾著的碌碡不長(zhǎng)苔，流浪的漢子不攢財(cái)。』我早曉得你就是這么一個(gè)流浪漢﹗可真沒(méi)有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過(guò)活的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)財(cái)也騙走，」貝格納特太太說(shuō)道。

(六) 詞無(wú)定譯

例子：

It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or

civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,

he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous

conditions.

我們根本不必追問(wèn)政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對(duì)范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對(duì)政府進(jìn)行弓一次巨大的詐騙。

(七) 精煉譯詞

例子：

A new dignity crept into his walk.

原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時(shí)候開(kāi)始給人一種莊重的印象。

改譯：走起路來(lái)，不覺(jué)平添了幾分尊嚴(yán)