口罩可將傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低90%

口罩可將傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低90%

Wearing face coverings could reduce the spread of Covid-19, according to a new study by the University of Edinburgh.

根據(jù)愛丁堡大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，戴口罩可以減少Covid-19的傳播。

Research has found wearing a face covering can reduce the forward distance of an exhaled breath by more than 90 per cent.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，戴口罩可以將呼氣的前向距離縮短90%以上。

As the breath could contain small droplets of water, some of which may contain traces of the virus, experts have said covering up the mouth and nose could help combat Covid-19.

由于呼吸中可能含有小水滴，其中一些可能含有病毒的痕跡，專家表示，遮住口鼻可能有助于抗擊Covid-19。

Scientists testing the effectiveness of seven different types of face coverings, including medical grade and homemade masks, said they could all potentially limit the spread of coronavirus.

科學(xué)家們測(cè)試了七種不同類型的口罩的有效性，包括醫(yī)用和手工口罩。他們表示，這些口罩都有可能限制冠狀病毒的傳播。

The Scottish Government advised people on April 28 to wear face coverings when leaving the house and entering enclosed spaces where maintaining social distancing is more difficult, such as on public transport or in supermarkets.

4月28日，蘇格蘭政府建議人們?cè)诔鲩T和進(jìn)入封閉空間(如公共交通或超市)時(shí)，要戴上面罩，因?yàn)樵诜忾]空間內(nèi)維持社會(huì)距離比較困難。

Dr Felicity Mehendale, a surgeon at the Centre for Global Health at the University of Edinburgh’s Usher Institute, said: “It was reassuring to see the handmade mask worked just as well as the surgical mask to stop the wearer’s breath flowing directly forwards.

愛丁堡大學(xué)厄舍研究所全球健康中心的外科醫(yī)生費(fèi)利西蒂·梅恩德勒博士說:“手工制作的口罩和外科口罩一樣，可以阻止佩戴者的呼吸直接向前流動(dòng)，這讓人感到欣慰。”

“This suggests that some handmade masks can help to prevent the wearer from infecting the public.”

“這表明，一些手工制作的口罩可以幫助防止佩戴者感染公眾。”

But a team lead by engineers at the university found some masks enabled strong jets of air to escape from the back and sides.

但該大學(xué)的一個(gè)由工程師領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些口罩可以讓強(qiáng)勁的氣流從背后和側(cè)面逸出。

Heavy breathing and coughing, in particular, were shown to generate intense backward jets.

特別是，沉重的呼吸和咳嗽，被證明會(huì)產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的向后噴射。

Only masks that form a tight seal with the face were found to prevent the escape of virus-laden fluid particles, the team said.

研究小組稱，只有與面部形成緊密密封的口罩才能防止攜帶病毒的液體顆粒逸出。

Dr Ignazio Maria Viola, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Engineering, who co-ordinated the project, said: “I have generally been impressed by the effectiveness of all the face coverings we tested.

愛丁堡大學(xué)工程學(xué)院的伊格納齊奧·瑪麗亞·維奧拉博士協(xié)調(diào)了這一項(xiàng)目，他說：“我對(duì)我們測(cè)試的所有面部覆蓋物的有效性普遍印象深刻。

“However, we discovered that some face coverings allow the emergence of downward or backward jets that people are not aware of and that could be a major hazard to others around them.”

“然而，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些口罩會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們沒有意識(shí)到的向下或向后噴射(呼氣)，這可能會(huì)對(duì)周圍的人造成重大危害。”

Dr Mehendale added: “The strong backward jets mean you need to think twice before turning your head if you cough while wearing a mask and be careful if you stand behind or beside someone wearing a mask.”

梅恩德勒博士補(bǔ)充說:“強(qiáng)烈的后向氣流意味著，如果你戴著口罩咳嗽，在轉(zhuǎn)頭前需要三思;如果你站在戴口罩的人身后或旁邊，也要小心。”

Last week the UK Government announced that they had agreed a deal with Scottish technology company Honeywell to manufacture 70 million face masks for frontline NHS workers.

上周，英國政府宣布，他們已與蘇格蘭科技公司霍尼韋爾達(dá)成協(xié)議，為NHS(英國國家醫(yī)療服務(wù)系統(tǒng))一線員工生產(chǎn)7000萬個(gè)口罩。

The deal, the biggest UK order of its kind, will create 450 new jobs at the production site in Newhouse, North Lanarkshire.

這是英國同類訂單中最大的一筆，將為位于北拉納克郡紐豪斯的工廠創(chuàng)造450個(gè)新工作崗位。

Miles Briggs, said: “The use of a face mask to reduce the possible transmission of Covid-19 is apparent and now we have the science to back it up.

邁爾斯·布里格斯說:“使用口罩來減少Covid-19可能的傳播是顯而易見的，現(xiàn)在我們有了科學(xué)依據(jù)。

This is a very worthwhile piece of research by the University of Edinburgh on the effectiveness of different face masks.

這是愛丁堡大學(xué)關(guān)于不同口罩有效性的一項(xiàng)非常有價(jià)值的研究。