6. 增/減百分比的口譯

6. 增/減百分比的口譯

“增/減了百分之幾”英語和漢語的含義一致，都表示凈增或凈減百分?jǐn)?shù)。英漢增/減百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法有以下幾種：

1) 增/減了……%

increase/rise/grow…%

decrease/drop/fall/sink …%

或者

increase/rise/grow/go up by …%

decrease/drop/fall/go down by …%

例如：

Between 1986 and 1987, Nike's sales dropped 18 percent and profits sank by more than

40 percent as a result of competition with Reebok.

與“銳步”鞋業(yè)競爭的結(jié)果，從1986到1987年， 耐克（鞋）的銷售額下降了18%，利潤下降了40%多。

(1) By putting out more than one new shoe style everyday on average, in 1995 and 1996,

Nike's sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively；meanwhile, Nike's closest rival Reebok grew just nine percent in the same period.

靠平均每天推出一個以上新（鞋）款式，1995到1996，耐克的銷售額和利潤分別上漲了71%和80%。而同期最接近耐克的競爭對手銳步只上漲了9%。

(3) Procter & Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%.

(美國) 普羅科特—甘布爾公司剛剛把他們的紙制品價(jià)格提高了8%。

(4) Spending on non-durables-----everything from soap flakes to razors to tennis shoes-----rose 30% last year.

去年非耐用品，從皂片、剃須刀到網(wǎng)球鞋的消費(fèi)上升了30%。

(5) In the fiscal year of 2000, ending on March 30, export slumped 11.3 percent in Taiwan, 10 percent in Thailand, 9.9 percent in South Korea and 2.4 percent in Hong Kong. However, the Chinese mainland posted a respectable 7.5 percent rate in the first quarter.

在3月30日剛剛結(jié)束的2000財(cái)政年度，臺灣的出口猛跌了11.3%，泰國10%、南韓9.9%、香港2.4%。然而，中國大陸卻公布了第一季度7.5%的可觀增長。

(6) In America, the number of people engaged in farming as their principle of occupation fell to 961,560 in 1997, down 8.7 percent from 1992, while the number between (the age of) 25 to 34 fell 28 percent.

在美國以農(nóng)業(yè)為主要職業(yè)的人數(shù)1997下降到961，560人，比1992下降了8.7%，而年齡在25到34歲的人數(shù)下降了28%。

2) 與……相比，增/減了……%

increase/rise/grow /go up by …% (as) compared with /as against / as opposed to / over…

decrease/drop/fall/go down by …% (as) compared with /as against / as opposed to /over…

例如:

(1) 1999年，普通高校招生規(guī)模比上年擴(kuò)大了47.4%。

University and college enrollment in 1999 increased by 47.4 percent over the previous year.

(2) 同1997年相比，1998年工業(yè)排污減少了11.6%；家庭排污增加了2.6%。

Compared with 1997, the discharge of industrial wastewater dropped by 11.6 percent, while that of domestic sewage rose by 2.6 percent in 1998.

(3) 因受亞洲金融危機(jī)的沖擊，1998年中國進(jìn)出口總額比上年下降0.4%，其中進(jìn)口總額下降1.5%；出口總額增長0.5%。

As a result of Asian financial crises, China’s total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by 0.4 percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by 1.5 percent, and the value of export went up by 0.5 percent.

3) 增/減率

be …% increase/ rise /growth…

be …% decrease/drop /decline…

an increase / a rise / a growth rate of …%

a decrease / drop / decline of …%

be …% up /down …

be up / down…%

例如：

1999年，中國外貿(mào)出口達(dá)1949億美元，比上年增長6.1%。

China’s total exports reached US$194.9 billion in 1999, a rise of 6.1 percent over the previous year.

1998年，中國全年海外游客入境人數(shù)6348萬人次，比上年增長10.2%, 國際旅游收入達(dá)126億美元, 增長4.4%。

In 1998, China received 63.48 million tourists from overseas, up by 10.2 percent. Income of foreign exchange from tourism reached 12.6 million US dollars, up 4.4 percent.

4) 增/減具體數(shù)字的英譯也可用 “by” +具體數(shù)字來表示

例如：

我國水土流失面積每年以10,000平方公里的速度在擴(kuò)大。目前，水土流失面積已達(dá)367萬平方公里,占總土地面積將近38%。

The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. annually to 3.67 million square km. at present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.

由于低溫多雨的影響, 我國夏糧減產(chǎn)1460萬噸。

China's output of summer grain declined by 14.6 million tons due to low temperature and rainy days during the growing period.

漢語增/減百分?jǐn)?shù)的英譯還有一些其它表示法，但不管用什么方法，英語的增/減百分?jǐn)?shù)都是凈增/減數(shù)。

實(shí)踐是訓(xùn)練數(shù)字互譯的根本途徑?？谧g教學(xué)要集中一段時間專門進(jìn)行數(shù)字口譯訓(xùn)練。譯員只有經(jīng)過大量反復(fù)的數(shù)字口譯實(shí)踐才能掌握英漢數(shù)字互譯的不同特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，達(dá)到數(shù)字互譯脫口而出，快速、準(zhǔn)確的程度。