林超倫實(shí)戰(zhàn)口譯練習(xí)筆記 24 政府戰(zhàn)略的核心

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Speech to the International Fiscal Association

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)介紹---國(guó)際財(cái)政協(xié)會(huì)演講

by the Paymaster General, UK

英國(guó)主計(jì)長(zhǎng)

Four years ago we set our central economic objective of high and stable levels of growth and employment. The two pillars of the Government's approach are delivering macroeconomic stability, to allow firms and individuals to invest for the future, and impletuenting microeconomic reforms to remove the barriers which prevent markets from functioning efficiently.

四年前我們?cè)O(shè)定了高穩(wěn)定水平增長(zhǎng)和就業(yè)的中心經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)。政府的兩個(gè)支柱方法是實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定允許公司和個(gè)人為未來(lái)投資，和實(shí)行微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)改革移除阻止市場(chǎng)有效運(yùn)行的障礙。

In the last Parliament, we put in place reforms to achieve macroeconomic stability and to promote work. The UK has now achieved the highest employment of almost any OECD country and the lowest inflation in the EU.

上一次國(guó)會(huì)會(huì)議，我們落實(shí)了實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定和促進(jìn)工作的改革。英國(guó)已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了在任何經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織幾乎最高的就業(yè)率，并且在歐盟中的通貨膨脹率最低。

Building on this platform of stability and employment creation, we must now direct our energies to radical reform and modernization of product, labor and capital markets, so that the UK's productivity will rise faster than that of its industrial competitors as we close the productivity gap.

基于穩(wěn)定和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的平臺(tái)，我們現(xiàn)在要把精力放在基礎(chǔ)改革和產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)代化上，勞動(dòng)力和資本市場(chǎng)上，這樣英國(guó)在消除生產(chǎn)力差距時(shí)的生產(chǎn)力才會(huì)比工業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者增長(zhǎng)的快。

On Monday, the Chancellor announced the next steps we will take to deliver this ambition. These include major reforms to the competition regime. This is at the heart of the Government's strategy. Vigorous competition between firms leads to increased innovation and greater efficiency—and in turn to increased productivity growth.

英國(guó)財(cái)政大臣周一時(shí)宣布了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的后續(xù)計(jì)劃，其中包括競(jìng)爭(zhēng)體系的改革，這是政府戰(zhàn)略的核心。公司間有力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)使得創(chuàng)新增加，效率提高---反過(guò)來(lái)也是生產(chǎn)力的增加。

So we are modernizing "complex monopoly" powers, providing a strong legal basis for competition authorities to promote competition across the economy, giving them full independence backed by additional resources and consulting on the introduction of criminal penalties for those involved in cartels.

所以我們正在實(shí)現(xiàn)“復(fù)雜的壟斷”權(quán)利，為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)監(jiān)管當(dāng)局提升經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力提供了有力的法律基礎(chǔ)，在介紹參與卡特爾的刑事懲罰方面，依靠額外的資源和咨詢提供了全力的自由。

The Chancellor also announced a series of measures aimed at helping small and medium sized enterprises. We will cut the Capital Gains Tax rate on business assets, creating a regime for entrepreneurs that will be more favorable to enterprise than that of the US.

財(cái)政大臣還宣布了一系列旨在幫助中小企業(yè)的措施。我們會(huì)削減商業(yè)資產(chǎn)的資本增值稅，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)比美國(guó)更好的企業(yè)家團(tuán)體。

We are proposing the doubling of the assets limit for Enterprise Management Incentives, so that more growing companies can attract the high-quality employees they need to realize their potential. We have also announced a new Small Business Birth strategy, including a commitment to extend the width of the 10 per cent corporate tax rate.

我們建議企業(yè)管理獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的雙倍資產(chǎn)限制，如此更多發(fā)展中企業(yè)就能吸引到更多高質(zhì)量員工實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。我們還發(fā)布了新的小企業(yè)誕生策略，包括延伸10%企業(yè)稅率范圍的承諾。

SMEs are important because of their significant contribution to the UK economy. Unless this sector delivers growth, the economy as a whole will be held back. However, this focus on small business does not mean that the Government has ignored the position of large business. Indeed, large successful enterprises are the bedrock of the world's leading economies.

中小企業(yè)對(duì)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。這一塊如果不增長(zhǎng)，整體經(jīng)濟(jì)就會(huì)被拖后腿。但是，關(guān)注小企業(yè)并不是說(shuō)政府忽略了大企業(yè)的地位。事實(shí)上，大的成功的企業(yè)是世界零頭經(jīng)濟(jì)的基石。

Globalization and the increase in internationally mobile capital have led to benefits from the growing integration of national economic systems, including greater trade in goods and services, movements of labor, and movements of capital and the integration of the financial markets.

全球化和國(guó)際移動(dòng)資產(chǎn)的增加為國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)整合的增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)了好處，包括商品和服務(wù)的大宗貿(mào)易，勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移，資本的轉(zhuǎn)移和經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng)的整合。

Over the past decade gross capital flows have increased dramatically. The UK ranks second largest in the world in terms of inward and outward direct investment with multinational companies now playing an especially important role.

過(guò)去二十年間總資本流動(dòng)量急劇增長(zhǎng)，英國(guó)在世界上向內(nèi)和向外直接投資中排名第二，很多跨國(guó)公司現(xiàn)在占據(jù)重要位置。

There are substantial benefits, in terms of higher investment growth efficiency gains and the transfer of innovations and best business practices across national boundaries. But it has to be recognized that these changes mean that problems which were formerly seen as domestic have become international ones. Business is mobile, particularly multinational business, and naturally wants to minimize costs, including tax. And tax policies in turn may be designed primarily to divert mobile capital. These are changes which give rise to concern that anti-competitive tot practices elsewhere may distort business decisions and prove counterproductive in the end, whilst underlining the need for tax competition between countries on terms which are "fair".

就高投資增長(zhǎng)效益獲得，國(guó)界間創(chuàng)新和最佳商業(yè)做法的轉(zhuǎn)換而言，效益是持續(xù)性的，但必須承認(rèn)這些改變意味著本來(lái)在國(guó)內(nèi)的問(wèn)題演變成國(guó)際問(wèn)題了。企業(yè)是移動(dòng)的，尤其是跨國(guó)企業(yè)想最小化成本，包括納稅，而稅收政策將會(huì)主要為轉(zhuǎn)移可移動(dòng)資本設(shè)計(jì)。這些改變也引起了對(duì)不利于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的稅務(wù)做法的關(guān)注，這會(huì)扭曲商業(yè)決策最終適得其反，因此要注重國(guó)家質(zhì)檢稅收競(jìng)爭(zhēng)條款中的“公平”二字。