金融英語口語 31.Foreign Exchange

[00:00.00]New Words [00:00.81]新單詞 [00:01.62]global adj. [00:02.27]全球的 [00:02.93]understandable adj. [00:03.72]可理解的 [00:04.52]fluctuate v. [00:05.33]波動 [00:06.14]dictate v. [00:06.94]支配 [00:07.73]intervention n. [00:08.49]干預 [00:09.25]impose v. [00:10.24]把...加強 [00:11.23]factor n. [00:11.95]因素 [00:12.67]isolate v. [00:13.43]分離，隔離 [00:14.18]Phrases & Expressions [00:16.46]in terms of [00:17.16]根據(jù)，按照 [00:17.87]balance of payment [00:18.81]國際收支差額 [00:19.75]purchasing power [00:20.47]購買力 [00:21.19]spot rate [00:22.00]即期匯率，現(xiàn)貨匯率 [00:22.80]forward rate [00:23.73]期貨匯率 [00:24.66]Z:Good evening, Mr. Steward. [00:25.67]張：晚上好，斯特沃德先生。 [00:26.67]S:Good evening, Zhang Jun. Come in please. Would you like some coffee or tea? [00:29.06]斯：晚上好，張軍，請進。喝咖啡還是茶? [00:31.45]Z:Anything will do. [00:32.20]張：什么都行。 [00:32.94]S:Have some tea, please. [00:33.65]斯：那么就來點茶吧! [00:34.35]Z:Thank you. [00:34.89]張：多謝! [00:35.42]S:You said on the phone yesterday that you had some questions about foreign exchange dealing. [00:38.20]斯：昨天的電話里你說要問問有關外幣兌換交易方面的問題。 [00:40.99]Z:Yes. With the growth of global trade, Chinese companies need foreign currencies for international transactions. [00:45.40]張：是的。隨著全球貿(mào)易的不斷發(fā)展，中國的企業(yè)也需要用外匯來支付外商。 [00:49.82]So, I'd like to learn more about this topic. [00:51.11]我想多了解一些這方面的情況。 [00:52.40]S:That's understandable since you are a foreign trade student. [00:54.50]斯:當然了，因為你學的專業(yè)就是外貿(mào)。 [00:56.61]Z:I understand that exchange rate is the value of one unit of a foreign currency expressed in another currency. [01:00.93]張：我知道匯率是指一單位以另一國貨來表示的價格。 [01:05.25]But how are foreign exchange rates determined? [01:07.00]但是這些匯率是由什么決定的呢? [01:08.75]S:The price of one currency in terms of another is called the exchange rate. [01:11.42]斯：一國貨幣另一國貨幣表示的價格稱為匯率。 [01:14.08]This rate fluctuates according to the dictates of supply and demand, [01:16.43]匯率隨供求關系而上下波動， [01:18.79]within the limitations imposed by national and international monetary authorities. [01:21.87]在國際及內(nèi)國內(nèi)金融機構所限定的范圍內(nèi)。 [01:24.95]Z:Well, do central bank interventions and exchange controls affect rates of exchange? [01:27.78]張：那么，中央銀行對外匯交易的干預及控制對匯率是否產(chǎn)生影響呢? [01:30.62]S:Yes, of course. But there are still other factors which affect the rates of exchange - balance of payments, [01:34.12]斯：當然。但影響匯率的升降還有其它因素， [01:37.62]rates of domestic inflation and the relative purchasing power of currencies, [01:40.23]例如國際收支，通貨膨脹率，貨幣相對購買力 [01:42.84]international interests, rate differentials and other factors. [01:45.36]國際利率，利率差等等因素。 [01:47.89]Z:Are these factors, which create a demand or lack of demand, for a particular currency easy to identify or isolate? [01:51.87]張：對某一特定貨幣來說，影響其供求大小的因素是否很容易單獨挑選出來? [01:55.85]S:No. Very difficult. These factors always work together to affect the rates of exchange. [01:59.41]斯：不，這是非常難的。這些因素總是混在一起對匯率產(chǎn)生影響的。 [02:02.96]Z:Mr. Steward, what is spot rate? [02:04.84]張：斯特沃德先生，什么叫即期匯率? [02:06.72]S:Currencies can be bought or sold in foreign exchange market either for immediate delivery or for delivery later. [02:10.77]斯：在外匯交易市場上，貨幣的買進，賣出，既可以作既期交易，也可作期貨交易。 [02:14.82]So spot rate is for immediate delivery and forward rate is for delivery later. [02:18.59]所以即期匯率就是在即期交易時的匯率，而后者就是在期貨交易時的匯率。 [02:22.37]Z:Does the forward market help? [02:23.36]張：那么期貨交易市場有何好處? [02:24.35]S:Yes, the forward market is very useful for companies of foreign trade. [02:26.95]張：那么期貨交易市場有何好處? [02:29.55]S: For example, if a company knows that it will need a particular foreign currency to pay a bill in a month's time, [02:33.47]斯：例如，某公司知道將在一個月以后需要用某一種貨幣支付一份帳單， [02:37.39]a forward deal enables it to protect itself. [02:39.31]那么采用外匯期貨交易，公司就能避免某些風險。 [02:41.23]Z:How? [02:41.66]張：嗯? [02:42.09]S:The rate of exchange of a particular foreign currency is changing all the time because of the factors I have just mentioned. [02:45.98]斯：我前面提到過，有好幾種因素對匯率升降產(chǎn)生影響。因此，某一特定貨幣的匯率一直在波動著。 [02:49.87]Future adverse movements in the exchange rate would have otherwise had the effect of making the foreign goods more expensive. [02:54.30]若非如此，期貨匯率的升降就有可能使到時所購買的外國貨物價格上升。 [02:58.73]Z:Oh, I see. Now, I have a clearer picture of foreign exchange. Thank you very much. [03:01.66]張：噢，我懂了。現(xiàn)在我對外匯兌換交易有了較清楚的認識了。非常感謝您。 [03:04.58]S:You are welcome any time. [03:05.40]斯：別客氣，隨時歡迎你來。 [03:06.23]Z:It is quite late. I'd better leave now. Thank you again, Mr. Steward. Good night. [03:08.94]張：時間不早了。我得走了，再次感謝您，斯特沃德先生，晚安。 [03:11.66]S:Good night. [03:12.42]斯：晚安。

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