【雙語】例行記者會 2018年7月17日 華春瑩

喜歡口譯的同學，大多抱有一個外交官的理想，而雙語例行記者會上快節(jié)奏的你問我答及現場翻譯，則給我們提供了寶貴的學習資源。下面是小編整理的關于【雙語】例行記者會 2018年7月17日 華春瑩的資料，希望大家在這些唇槍舌劍中，提升英語，更熱愛祖國！

2018年7月17日外交部發(fā)言人華春瑩主持例行記者會

Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying’s Regular Press Conference on July 17, 2018

問：一段時間以來，美國通過發(fā)布多份報告，指責中國不遵守世貿組織規(guī)則，并將此作為對中國實施單邊貿易措施的重要理由。中方對此有何評論？

Q: The US has issued several reports to accuse China of violating the WTO rules and cited these violations as reasons to launch unilateral trade measures against China. What is your comment?

 

答：中國加入世界貿易組織17年來，履約守信，付出巨大努力和代價，為世界經濟作出了重要貢獻，自2002年以來，中國對世界經濟增長的年均貢獻率接近30%，國際社會對此有目共睹。

A: 17 years have passed since the day that China was accepted to the WTO. During this whole time, China has been fulfilling its WTO obligations and keeping to its promises, even when it means enormous efforts and costs. Since 2002, China’s contribution to global economic growth has approached 30 percent on average, and the international community is well aware of these important contributions China has made to the world economy.

 

如果中國不遵守世貿組織規(guī)則，中國為什么選擇加入世貿組織？當年中國政府作出“入世”決定，是因為篤信融入經濟全球化符合歷史潮流，促進自由開放貿易能夠互利共贏?！叭胧馈?7年以來，中國初心不變，言行如一。中國大幅削減汽車關稅，相關排量乘用車進口額從2001年到2017年年均增長26.4%，貿易逆差由8.7億美元增至343.5億美元。中央政府清理法律法規(guī)和部門規(guī)章2300多件，地方政府清理地方性政策法規(guī)19萬件。

If China does not mean to abide by the WTO rules, then why did China choose to join the WTO in the first place? The Chinese government made that decision at that time out of a strong conviction that economic globalization corresponds with the call of the times and a high degree of trade liberalization and openness leads to mutual benefit and win-win results. Such conviction remains the same and has been guiding our actions all along the past 17 years. China had considerably lowered the duties on imported automobiles. From 2001 to 2017, imports of passenger cars with certain engine displacement registered an annual growth rate of 26.4%, with the auto trade deficit surging from US$ 870 million to US$34.35 billion. After its accession, China launched major efforts to review and revise relevant laws and regulations, involving 2,300 laws, regulations and departmental rules at central government level, and 190,000 policies and regulations at sub-central government levels.

 

如果中國不遵守世貿組織規(guī)則，中國為什么全面履行“入世”承諾？中方不久前發(fā)表了《中國與世界貿易組織》白皮書，用事實和數字說話，明確表明中國在貨物降稅、服務貿易開放、進口配額等非關稅措施等方面已全面履行承諾，關稅總水平由2001年的15.3%降至9.8%，民營企業(yè)和外商投資企業(yè)進出口占全國進出口總額的比重由2001年的57.5%上升到2017年的83.7%，服務領域外資準入門檻不斷降低。中國對外支付知識產權費年均增長17%，發(fā)明專利申請量連續(xù)7年占據世界之首。

If China does not mean to abide by the WTO rules, then why has China been faithfully fulfilling its WTO accession commitments? China just published a white paper titled “China and the World Trade Organization” which illustrates with facts and figures that China has comprehensively fulfilled its commitments to the WTO with regard to lowering tariffs on goods, opening up to trade in services, eliminating import quotas and other non-tariff measures. The average tariff level was reduced from 15.3 percent in 2001 to 9.8 percent. Foreign trade by private companies and foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) accounted for 83.7 percent of the country’s total trade volume, up from 57.5 percent in 2001. China has step by step lowered the threshold for foreign investment to enter the services sectors. Since 2001, intellectual property royalties paid by China to foreign right holders have registered an annual growth of 17 percent, and invention patent applications China received in 2017 ranked the first in the world for the seventh consecutive year.

 

如果中國不遵守世貿組織規(guī)則，中國為什么始終堅定維護WTO核心價值和基本原則？中方堅信，只有以契約精神遵守維護國際規(guī)則，才能維護多邊貿易體制的權威性和有效性。中國始終倡導建設開放型世界經濟，建設性參與貿易談判等世貿組織工作，通過加入《貿易便利化協(xié)定》等推動貿易自由化便利化，全力支持發(fā)展中國家融入多邊貿易體制，在主辦亞太經合組織領導人北京非正式會議、二十國集團領導人杭州峰會、金磚國家領導人廈門會晤期間，推動將支持多邊貿易體制、反對貿易保護主義寫入成果文件。中國過去沒有、現在沒有、將來也不會動輒采取單邊措施，違背自由開放、非歧視、關稅約束、“特殊和差別待遇”等世貿組織的根基。在大是大非面前，中國講原則、守信用、有擔當。

If China does not mean to abide by the WTO rules, then why has China been a staunch supporter of the core values and basic principles of the WTO? China believes that only when the international rules are obeyed in the spirit of contract can the authority and effectiveness of the multilateral trading regime be upheld. As an advocator for an open world economy, China has been participating in trade negotiations and other WTO works in a constructive way, including promoting trade liberalization and facilitation via joining the Trade Facilitation Agreement, and vigorously supporting the integration of developing members into the multilateral trading system. During the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing, the G20 Hangzhou Summit, and the BRICS Xiamen Summit, all hosted by China, we secured statements on supporting the multilateral trading system and opposing trade protectionism in the outcome documents of these summits. China has never imposed unilateral measures on others, nor have we acted against the basics of the WTO, namely free and open trade, non-discrimination, tariff constraints and special and differential treatment, and we have not the slightest intention of doing these things in the future. In face of major matters of principle, China will always prioritize principle, credibility and responsibility.

 

中國遵守世貿組織規(guī)則、履行世貿組織承諾的努力獲得了國際社會的廣泛認可。在前幾天世貿組織對中國進行的第七次貿易政策審議中，各方普遍積極評價中國自主開放和繼續(xù)全面深化改革的舉措，高度贊賞中國對多邊貿易體制的支持和貢獻。世貿組織總干事阿澤維多表示，自中國2001年加入WTO以來，中國在世貿組織中的作用與日俱增，非常了不起，值得點贊。實際上，美國自己也已連續(xù)發(fā)布16份關于中國履行WTO承諾情況報告，除了今年，前15份中都未出現“做錯了”這個說法。

China’s efforts to comply with the WTO rules and honor its commitments have won wide recognition from the international community. China underwent its seventh Trade Policy Review (TPR) by the WTO several days ago. During the review, China’s measures to pursue independent opening-up and comprehensively deepen reforms as well as China’s support and contribution to the multilateral trading system were spoken highly of by most participants. WTO Director-General Roberto Azevedo said that China’s role in the WTO has increased a lot which is very impressive and deserves a thumbs-up. In fact, the US side has so far issued 16 reports on China’s WTO compliance. Barring from this year’s report, none of the previous 15 ones mentioned that “China was wrong”.

 

再來看看美國。美方不僅把美國一個國家的利益凌駕在全球利益之上，而且把美方的國內規(guī)則凌駕于全球規(guī)則之上。在WTO，沒有一個國家支持美方的單邊主義行為。

Now let us take a look at the US. The US elevates its interests above the global interests, and its rules above the global rules. In the WTO, no country sides with the US unilateral acts.

 

剛剛來華出席第二十次中歐領導人會晤的歐洲理事會主席圖斯克今年6月就曾指出：“基于規(guī)則的國際體制正在受到威脅，令人吃驚的是，造成威脅的不是別國，而是構建這一體制的美國。”包括美國彼得森國際經濟研究所所長亞當·珀森等多位國際經濟界權威專家也公開表示，今天的美國政府是對當今世界經濟秩序的最大威脅。

President of the European Council Donald Tusk, who just wrapped up the 20th China-EU Summit here in Beijing, said in June that the rules-based international system is under threat, and to everyone’s surprise, the threat comes from no one but the US who built up this system. Many prominent international economists including President Adam Posen of the US Peterson Institute for International Economics also publicly said that today’s US government constitutes the biggest threat to the current world economic order.

 

知人者智，自知者明。中國將繼續(xù)當遵守世貿組織規(guī)則的模范生，也希望美方用實際行動尊重和遵守WTO規(guī)則，維護以WTO為核心的多邊貿易體制。

In China, we say that knowing others is intelligence, but knowing yourself is true wisdom. China will continue to be a role model in observing the WTO rules. We hope that the US could also respect and comply with the WTO rules and maintain the WTO-centered multilateral trading system.

 

問：第二十次中國歐盟領導人會晤昨天在北京舉行。你如何評價這次會晤？

Q: The 20th China-EU Summit was held in Beijing yesterday. How do you comment on this meeting?

 

答：昨天，第二十次中國歐盟領導人會晤在北京成功舉行。習近平主席會見了歐洲理事會主席圖斯克和歐盟委員會主席容克，李克強總理同圖斯克主席和容克主席共同主持了會晤。雙方發(fā)表了《第二十次中國歐盟領導人會晤聯(lián)合聲明》，其中還包括《中歐領導人關于氣候變化和清潔能源的聯(lián)合聲明》。

A: The 20th China-EU Summit was successfully held in Beijing yesterday. President Xi Jinping met with President of the European Council Donald Tusk and President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker. Premier Li Keqiang co-chaired the meeting along with President Tusk and President Juncker. The two sides issued the Joint Statement of the 20th China-EU Summit, including the Leaders’ Statement on Climate Change and Clean Energy.

 

雙方一致同意，在當前紛繁復雜的國際形勢下，中歐作為世界兩大穩(wěn)定力量和兩大主要經濟體，應加強戰(zhàn)略溝通和協(xié)作，攜手維護多邊主義和基于規(guī)則的自由貿易體系，共同維護開放型世界經濟，促進貿易和投資自由化便利化，完善全球經濟，促進世界和平、穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。

The two sides agreed that in the current complex international landscape, China and the EU, as two major stabilizing forces globally and major economies in the world, need to step up strategic communication and coordination to jointly uphold multilateralism and rules-based free trade system, safeguard an open world economy, boost trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, improve global economy and promote world peace, stability and development.

 

圖斯克主席和容克主席表示，歐中全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴合作意義重大，歐盟感謝中國支持歐洲一體化進程，愿同中國擴大各領域合作。歐中都致力于多邊主義，都主張維護以規(guī)則為基礎的國際秩序，歐中雙方應共同承擔責任，抵制保護主義和單邊主義，尊重公認的國際規(guī)則，汲取歷史經驗教訓，在相互尊重基礎上處理國家間關系，通過多邊協(xié)商完善多邊貿易體系。

President Tusk and President Juncker said that the China-EU comprehensive strategic partner cooperation is of great importance. The EU appreciates China’s support for the European integration process and is willing to expand cooperation with China in various fields. Both the EU and China are committed to multilateralism and maintain that the rules-based international order should be preserved. The EU and China share the responsibility in resisting protectionism and unilateralism, respecting universally accepted international rules, drawing lessons from the past, handling state-to-state relations on the basis of mutual respect and improving the multilateral trading system through multilateral negotiations.

 

特別值得一提的是，會晤期間雙方宣布交換中歐投資協(xié)定的清單出價，標志著中歐投資協(xié)定談判進入新階段。這表明，面對單邊主義和保護主義抬頭的形勢，中歐不僅有共同立場，也在用實際行動維護多邊主義和自由貿易。這有利于進一步堅定中歐企業(yè)界開展合作的信心。

Most notably, the two sides exchanged market access offers after the meeting, which brings the Investment Agreement negotiations into a new phase. This showcases that in face of resurging unilateralism and protectionism, China and the EU are rooting for multilateralism and free trade, not only by holding common grounds but also by jointly taking concrete actions. This will also make the Chinese and EU business communities feel more confident in conducting cooperation.

 

今年是中國改革開放40周年。中方正在推進新一輪對外開放，宣布并實施了一系列開放新舉措，未來還將向中國人民和世界交出全面深化改革、擴大開放的更好成績單。相信這將為中國與包括歐盟在內的世界各國提供更加廣闊的合作空間和更加光明的合作前景。

As we mark the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up this year, China has announced and is implementing a series of new measures to advance a new round of opening-up. The Chinese people and the whole world can count on us to deliver even better results when it comes to comprehensively deepening reform and expanding opening-up. We believe this will provide wider space and brighter prospects for cooperation between China and other countries including the EU.

 

我們愿同歐方認真落實領導人會晤達成的重要共識，在相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的基礎上共同努力，推動中歐全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系百尺竿頭更進一步，為這個世界注入更多穩(wěn)定性和正能量。

We stand ready to work with the EU to earnestly implement the consensus of the summit and advance the China-EU Comprehensive Strategic Partnership on the basis of mutual respect, fairness and justice and win-win cooperation so that the world could enjoy greater stability and more positive energy.

問：你剛才說中方將繼續(xù)遵守WTO規(guī)則，《爭端解決諒解》(DSU)第23條規(guī)定各國不得采取報復措施，而應該訴諸貿易糾紛解決程序。中國對美加征關稅采取反制措施，是否意味著中國并未遵守WTO規(guī)則？

Q: You said that China would continue to abide by the WTO rules. Article 23 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding says that the country must not retaliate and it must go through the dispute settlement process. Does that mean that China is not following the WTO rules?

 

答：中方已經多次用事實和數據全面闡釋了為什么中國忠實履行了入世承諾，遵守了WTO規(guī)則。

A: We have explained adequately with facts and figures why China has been faithfully honoring its accession commitments and the WTO rules.

 

你問為什么中方對于美方單方面加征關稅要采取反制措施？商務部副部長王受文近日已經在日內瓦闡明了中方立場。美國依據301條款采取的措施是典型的單邊主義做法，違反了世貿組織最惠國待遇原則和關稅約束原則。美方明知其301條款違反世貿組織裁決，依然蔑視踐踏多邊規(guī)則，中方從維護多邊貿易體制立場出發(fā)，第一時間將美措施訴諸世貿組織爭端解決機制。按照世貿組織解決爭端正常程序，對已經裁定違法的301條款措施，仍需2年才有結果。面對美方無理訛詐，中方被迫采取必要回應措施，這一回應既有充分的事實基礎，也有堅實的國內法和國際規(guī)則依據。近期，大家都看到，針對美國232條款措施等單邊主義措施，包括加拿大、墨西哥等多個世貿組織成員國也都采取了相應反制措施。

You want to know why China took countermeasures in response to the US unilateral imposition of tariffs. The Vice Minister Wang Shouwen of the Commerce Ministry already made clear China’s position in Geneva the other day. The US measures under Section 301 are typical of unilateralism in violation of the WTO rules of the most-favored-nation treatment and tariff constrains. The US is fully aware that its Section 301 contravenes the WTO ruling, yet it still chose to disdain and trample on the multilateral rules. Out of the position to safeguard the multilateral trading system, China immediately referred the US measures to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. However, going through the normal procedures of the WTO dispute settlement means that China would have to wait two years for any outcome on the US Section 301 measures that are already deemed illegal. The Chinese side is forced to make necessary response to the US blackmail and extortion, and our response is backed up by solid facts and sufficient domestic laws and international rules. You may have noticed that quite a few WTO members, like Canada and Mexico, have taken corresponding countermeasures in response to the US unilateral acts under Section 232.

 

問：昨天，俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京和美國總統(tǒng)特朗普在芬蘭赫爾辛基舉行會晤。中方對此次會晤有何評價？你認為會晤是否會影響中俄關系和中美關系？

Q: Yesterday, Russian President Vladimir Putin and US President Donald Trump met in Helsinki, Finland. How do you comment on the results of the meeting? How will this meeting influence the relationship between China and Russia and between China and the US?

 

答：我們注意到有關報道。中方對俄美元首在赫爾辛基舉行會晤表示歡迎。俄羅斯和美國都是聯(lián)合國安理會常任理事國和具有重要國際影響的大國，對國際和平與安全負有重要責任。中方樂見俄美改善關系。希望雙方加強溝通對話、擴大合作，這有利于世界和平與發(fā)展事業(yè)，有利于國際社會攜手應對共同挑戰(zhàn)。

A: We have noted relevant reports. China welcomes the meeting between the leaders of Russia and the US in Helsinki. As permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and major countries commanding global influence, Russia and the US shoulder important responsibilities for global peace and security. China welcomes the improvement of Russia-US relations. We hope that the two sides will step up communication and expand cooperation. This is conducive to the cause of world peace and development and the joint efforts of the international community to address common challenges.

 

我們對中俄全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關系充滿信心，中俄關系不會受到任何外部因素影響。我們對發(fā)展中美關系的立場也是一貫明確的。

We are fully confident in the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination, and the China-Russia relations will not be affected by any external factor. Our stance on the development of the China-US relations is also consistent and clear-cut.

 

問：你剛才說中國依法對美采取反制措施，那么你能否說明是哪些具體的法律？

Q: You said that China has taken relevant countermeasures in accordance with laws. Can you be specific what those laws are?

 

答：你問的很具體，我建議你去問中國商務部主管官員，他們一直在很專業(yè)地處理有關問題。其實你倒不妨去問問美方有關官員，他們進行的所謂301調查和加征關稅措施，依據的是什么法。

A: What you just asked is quite technical, so I need to refer you to officials of the Ministry of Commerce who have been very professionally handling relevant issues. You may also need to ask the US officials on what legal basis did they carry out the Section 301 investigation and impose additional tariffs.

 

問：據澳大利亞媒體報道，美國和澳大利亞將于7月23日至24日舉行外交國防“2+2”磋商，其中一項議題是討論應對中國對太平洋島國的“惡意干涉”問題。中方對此有何評論？

Q: The Australian media reported that countering China’s “pernicious meddling” in the Pacific island countries is on the agenda of the annual Australia-US Ministerial Consultations (AUSMIN) on July 23 and 24. What is your comment?

 

答：我看到了有關報道。我們對美澳即將舉行的外交國防“2+2”磋商予以關注。希望美澳有關磋商的目的是真正促進地區(qū)的和平穩(wěn)定。

A: I have seen relevant reports. We are following the upcoming AUSMIN. We hope the relevant consultations will really serve to promote regional peace and stability.

 

關于應對中國對太平洋島國的所謂“惡意干涉”，我不知道這真的是美澳磋商的一項議題，還是僅僅是媒體的一種猜測。但大家一定都還記得，針對前一段時間個別媒體有關中國與太平洋島國關系的惡意炒作，太平洋島國的多位領導人和一些主流媒體紛紛挺身而出，澄清事實、公布真相。他們表示，和某些國家不同，中國善于傾聽太平洋島國人民的心聲，在充分尊重太平洋島國政府和人民意愿、充分考慮太平洋島國發(fā)展需要的基礎上，給予島國最需要的幫助。

As to the so-called China’s “pernicious meddling” in the Pacific island countries (PIC), I don’t know whether this is a set item on the agenda of the AUSMIN, or just a speculation of the media. But you may still remember the malicious hyping-up targeting the relations between China and PIC by some media not long ago, which was refuted and cleared up by several leaders and mainstream media of those countries. They said that the main difference between China and certain countries is that China listens to what the people of PIC have to say, and China offers the most wanted help on the basis of fully respecting the will of the PIC governments and people and taking into full account their development needs.

 

這里我還有一個最近的例子。中國海軍“和平方舟”醫(yī)院船近日訪問了巴布亞新幾內亞，為當地民眾提供免費診療服務，完成診療4000余人次，受到當地民眾熱烈歡迎。巴新總理奧尼爾登上了“和平方舟”醫(yī)院船，高度贊譽“和平方舟”的再次到訪進一步增進了兩國人民的友誼，深化了兩國戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系。

A recent case may be of interest to you. The Chinese naval medical ship Ark Peace visited Papua New Guinea days ago, offering free medical diagnoses and treatments to local residents. The medical ship was met with warm response from the locals and has so far received more than 4,000 people seeking medical treatment. Papua New Guinea’s Prime Minister Peter O’Neill boarded the Ark Peace and highly commended the vessel’s second mission to his country and its role in enhancing bilateral friendship and strategic partnership.

 

除巴新外，此次“和平方舟”醫(yī)院船還將赴瓦努阿圖、斐濟、湯加等太平洋島國提供人道主義醫(yī)療服務。我想，這僅僅是中國與太平洋島國發(fā)展友好關系、增進當地民眾福祉的又一生動事例。中方將繼續(xù)在和平共處五項原則基礎上發(fā)展同各島國友好合作關系，為支持島國經濟和社會發(fā)展，維護島國地區(qū)的和平穩(wěn)定作出更大貢獻。

Besides Papua New Guinea, the Ark Peace will set sails to other Pacific island countries including Vanuatu, Fiji and Tonga to provide humanitarian medical services. I believe this is only one of the many touching stories testifying to China’s commitment to developing friendly relations with Pacific island countries and enhancing the well-being of the local people. China will continue to develop friendly cooperative ties with these island countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence and make greater contribution to supporting their socio-economic development and upholding regional peace and stability.